Rabbit Anti-Human AHSG (a.a. 201-300) Polyclonal antibody

Background: Plasmodium knowlesi was identified as the fifth major malaria parasite in humans. It presents severe clinical symptoms and leads to mortality as a result of hyperparasitemia in a short period of time. This study aimed to improve the current understanding of P. knowlesi and identify potential biomarkers for knowlesi malaria. Methods: In the present study, we have employed two-dimensional gel electrophoresis-coupled immunoblotting techniques and mass spectrometry to identify novel circulating markers in sera from P. knowlesi-infected patients. Specifically, we have compared serum protein profiles from P. knowlesi-infected patients against those of healthy or P. vivax-infected individuals. Results: We identified several immunoreactive proteins in malarial-infected subjects, including alpha-2-HS glycoprotein (AHSG), serotransferrin (TF), complement C3c (C3), hemopexin (HPX), zinc-2-alpha glycoprotein (ZAG1), apolipoprotein A1 (Apo-A1), haptoglobin (HAP), and alpha-1-B-glycoprotein (A1BG). However, only TF and HPX displayed enhanced antigenicity and specificity, suggesting that they might represent valid markers for detecting P. knowlesi infection. Additionally, six P. knowlesi-specific antigens were identified (K15, K16, K28, K29, K30, and K38). Moreover, although HAP antigenicity was observed during P. vivax infection, it was undetectable in P. knowlesi-infected subjects. Conclusions: We have demonstrated the application of immunoproteomics approach to identify potential candidate biomarkers for knowlesi malaria infection.

We analyzed the connections between recipient genetic features and 12-month graft function. The gene polymorphisms of myeloperoxidase (MPO), interleukin (IL)-10, IL-6, C-reactive protein (CRP), fetuin A, and homocysteine and their gene product concentrations were correlated with 12-month kidney transplant function. The 125 kidney recipients had at least 12 months of follow-up (average, 30.9 +/- 13.0 months). IL6-174G/C, IL1 beta 3954C/T, MTHFR 677C/T, MTHFR 1298A/C, AHSG 1/2 SNPs were determined using SSP-polymerase chain reaction (PCR) and MPO-463G/A and CRP- 390C/T/A with RLFP analysis. Enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA) was applied to estimate MPO, fetuin A, IL-6, and IL-1 beta; FPIA was applied for L-homocysteine concentrations. The highest CRP values were linked to the presence of the TT genotype. We observed a positive correlation of CRP concentrations and GFR. Lower fetuin A concentrations were linked to the 256Ser allele, and higher levels to better graft function. Worse graft function was inversely associated with serum homocysteine concentrations. Two polymorphisms (CRP and fetuin A) showed functional consequences in recipients. None of the examined genetic determinations influenced long-term graft function. Higher values, although still within the normal range of CRP concentrations on the day of transplantation and 3 months thereafter, were related to greater values of eGFR at 12 months, suggesting that the higher intensity of the inflammatory reaction may be a manifestation of more effective healing of an ischemia reperfusion injury. Both homocysteine and fetuin A showed long-term prognostic importance.