Evaluating the Usable-Security of Healthcare Software Through Unified Technique of Fuzzy Logic, ANP and TOPSIS
IEEE ACCESS
Authors: Al-Zahrani, Fahad Ahmed
Abstract
The current research efforts in the security domain are essentially inspired by the intention to ensure both healthcare software's security and usability. Practitioners are continuously working on techniques that can optimise security while affording the ease of use. Inspite of the numerous efforts by the developers and security experts in this context, the level of usability-security is not the same as it should be. Furthermore, it is important to do more work on the most effective strategies for evaluating and increasing the usable-security of healthcare technology. Quantitative usability and security assessment is an important part of increasing the standards of software security especially with regard to software used in healthcare. This study's objective, in particular, is to evaluate the usability-security of healthcare software. Thereafter, based on the empirical analysis of comprehensive data, the study recommends the strategies that would facilitate in designing healthcare software with optimum security while preserving its' usability. Decision makers often find it difficult to integrate highly secure software with maximum usability while developing the software. Hence, this research endeavour enlists the assimilation of usability and safety with their contributory attributes. Moreover, this study proposes the use of a novel technique of combining the Analytic Network Method (ANP), Fuzzy Sets (FS), and Technique for Order of Preference by Similarity to Ideal Solution (TOPSIS) to test usability together with security. The researchers employed the suggested methodology on six applications of the hospital management systems in Mecca, Saudi Arabia, to ascertain the utility of the FS-AHP-TOPSIS hybrid solution technique. Usability results along with security assessment corroborated that the most accurate and effective method for evaluating the usable-security of healthcare applications will be this innovative hybrid approach. Most relevantly, these findings will be useful in the security management without impacting the usability for the end users.
Aberrant corin and PCSK6 in placentas of the maternal hyperinsulinemia IUGR rat model
PREGNANCY HYPERTENSION-AN INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF WOMENS CARDIOVASCULAR HEALTH
Authors: Abassi, Zaid; Kinaneh, Safa; Skarzinski, Galina; Cinnamon, Einat; Smith, Yoav; Bursztyn, Michael; Ariel, Ilana
Abstract
Objectives: Corin is a protease that converts pro-atrial natriuretic peptide (pro-ANP) to ANP. While the involvement of ANP in the cardiovascular regulation is well established, there is increasing evidence that the pregnant uterus produces ANP, which promotes spiral artery remodeling. The present study examines the alterations in corin and PCSK6, a key enzyme in the conversion of pro-corin to corin, in the placenta of hyperinsulinemic dams (HD) featuring pregnancy-induced hypertension (PIH). Materials and methods: The study was conducted on female Wistar rats. Rats were rendered hyperinsulinemic by subcutaneous insulin pellet, mated and followed to the twenty-first day of pregnancy. Normal pregnant dams (NPD) served as controls. Both groups were sacrificed on day 21 of gestation and their placentas were dissected along with the mesometrial triangle (MT). The tissue was then sectioned from the maternal surface to the base of the MT, and processed for histological and molecular biology analysis of Corin, PCSK6 and ANP expression/immunoreactivity. Results: Hyperinsulinemic dams developed PIH, along lower placental and fetal weights. Corin expression and immunoreactivity were significantly decreased in the placenta by similar to 40-50%, but not in the MT. Similarly, placental but not MT PCSK6 immunoreactivity was lower in HD. Concomitantly with the downregulation of corin/PCSK6, proANP levels increased in the placenta of HD. Conclusions: Corin and PCSK6 are expressed in the placenta and MT. The decline in these two enzymes in the placenta of HD suggests a role of corin/PCSK6 machinery in the development of PIH and intrauterine growth restriction characterizing hyperinsulinemia.