VLDLR

VLDLR Full Name

very low density lipoprotein receptor

VLDLR Introduction

The very low-density lipoprotein receptor (VLDLR) belongs to the low-density lipoprotein (LDL) receptor family which regulates lipid metabolism. The receptor exists mainly in heart cells and skeletal muscle cells and adipose tissue cells and brain cells to perform endocytosis of triglyceride-rich very low-density lipoproteins (VLDL). The lipid uptake function of VLDLR in cells enables energy production and lipid balance maintenance through its distinct mechanism from other LDL receptor family members which focus on cholesterol regulation.

Figure 1. Structures of low density lipoprotein receptor (LDLR), VLDL receptor (VLDLR), and Apolipoprotein E receptor 2 (ApoER2).(Source: Dlugosz P, et al. 2018)

The protein VLDLR functions as a lipid transporter but it also essential for neurodevelopment and signal transduction processes. The Reelin signaling pathway in the central nervous system depends on VLDLR to direct neuronal migration which results in correct cortical layer development during brain development. The protein VLDLR regulates inflammation and angiogenesis through its signal transmission function from lipoproteins which extends its biological roles past lipid metabolism.

Research shows that VLDLR protein expression levels and functional capacity create links to various medical conditions. The VLDLR gene mutations cause autosomal recessive cerebellar hypoplasia which produces ataxia and impaired motor coordination. The protein VLDLR functions as a mediator of vascular cell lipid uptake which results in the development of atherosclerosis and cardiovascular disease. Research indicates that VLDLR dysfunction creates new connections between metabolic disorders and neurological diseases and obesity which makes it a promising therapeutic agent for treating these conditions.

Alternate Names for VLDLR

VLDLR; very low density lipoprotein receptor; CARMQ1; CHRMQ1; VLDLRCH; very low-density lipoprotein receptor; VLDL-R; VLDL receptor;

• 1.Dlugosz P, Nimpf J. The Reelin Receptors Apolipoprotein E receptor 2 (ApoER2) and VLDL Receptor. Int J Mol Sci. 2018, 19(10):3090.