New Recombinant Proteins for Autoantibodies Detection in T1DM

Type 1 diabetes mellitus (T1DM) is a disorder resulting from the chronic autoimmune destruction of insulin-producing pancreatic beta cells. This destruction leads to insufficient secretion of insulin, causing elevated levels of sugar in the blood. Loss of tolerance to islet autoantigens is mediated by T cell-dependent autoimmune processes. Many proteins have been identified that are selectively or preferentially expressed by β-cells, and many of these proteins have been shown to be potential targets of the immune system, with downstream implications for the etiology of type 1 diabetes. These β-cell autoantigens include: insulin, protein tyrosine phosphatase (IA-2), glutamate decarboxylase (GAD), islet cell autoantigen 69 kD (ICA), and zinc transporter 8 (ZnT8). One or more of these autoantibodies are detected in patient serum as a detectable marker of the onset of β-cell autoimmunity. These autoantibodies are currently used as additional serological markers to confirm the autoimmune process of insulin deficiency in diabetic patients. Identifying these markers can assist in predicting the onset of T1DM in children and aid in accurately diagnosing adults with intermediate levels of diabetes, including latent autoimmune diabetes in adults (LADA).

Fig. 1 A. Autoantigens-mediated pancreatic β-cell destruction. B. Antigen-specific immunoregulation. (Han S, et al. 2013)

Creative Diagnostics provides a series of recombinant proteins that are widely used for the early detection of autoantibodies in type 1 diabetes mellitus. New recombinant autoantigens are human cells (HEK293 cells) expressed, which means higher bioactivity in the development of immunoassays.