Multi-Species Native Hemoglobin Reagents

Molecular Structure and Function

Hgb is a globular metalloprotein with a quaternary structure. One hemoglobin molecule is composed of four subunits, each containing one polypeptide chain (a globin protein) attached to a heme prosthetic group. Each subunit weighs about 16,000 Dalton, making the total molecular weight of a Hgb molecule of 64,000 Dalton.

The polypeptide chains in adults are of two types, the alpha chain and the beta chain containing 141 and 146 amino acids respectively. Adult hemoglobin has two alpha subunits (α1 and α2) and two beta subunits (β1 and β2), combined as two αβ dimers arranged around a 2-fold axis of symmetry. Each subunit has a heme attached to the globin protein.

The heme group contains an iron (ferrous ion, Fe²⁺) held in the center of a porphyrin ring binding with the nitrogen atoms of the ring. Each Fe²⁺ ion can bind with one oxygen (O₂) molecule or one carbon dioxide (CO₂) molecule.

Fig. 1 Structure of Hemoglobin

The primary function of hemoglobin is to carry oxygen and carbon dioxide gases. It also serves the secondary function of maintaining blood pH and buffering the blood.

Native Hemoglobin Antigen Products

Creative Diagnostics offers a comprehensive portfolio of high-quality native hemoglobin antigens derived from multiple animal species. These products are designed to support research, diagnostic development, antibody generation, and assay validation applications across both biomedical and veterinary fields.

Highlight

• Authenticity: Isolated directly from native red blood cells to preserve natural biochemical characteristics and post-translational modifications.
• Native Tetrameric Integrity: Maintains the physiologically relevant quaternary structure (α2β2), which is often absent in recombinant or denatured hemoglobin preparations.
• High Purity: Advanced purification protocols effectively remove membrane proteins, lipids, and cellular contaminants, providing low background interference and excellent assay consistency.
• Broad Species Coverage: Available from multiple species including canine, bovine, porcine, equine, ovine, murine, rabbit, and avian sources to support veterinary and comparative research applications.
• Excellent Safety & Quality Standards: Manufactured under stringent quality control conditions with low contaminant levels, including Total Heavy Metals ≤25.00 mg/kg and Arsenic (As) ≤0.3 mg/kg.
• Microbiological Control: Carefully processed to ensure high microbiological quality, with Total Aerobic Plate Count ≤1,000 cfu/g and Yeast & Mold ≤100 cfu/g.
• Versatile Research Applications: Ideal for use as immunogens, ELISA coating antigens and standards, Western blot positive controls, lateral flow assay development, antibody screening, and immunodiagnostic assay validation.