We offer a wide range of key antibodies and antigens for Kidney markers related research and diseases, including Retinol Binding Protein 4 (RBP4), Cystatin C, kidney injury molecule-1 (KIM-1).
Retinol Binding Protein 4 (RBP4), is a 21kDa secreted protein and member of the lipocalin family. It is also known as the primary transporter of retinol (vitamin A) to tissues. It delivers retinol from the liver stores to the peripheral tissues. In plasma, the RBP-retinol complex interacts with transthyretin, which prevents its loss by filtration through the kidney glomeruli. A deficiency of vitamin A blocks secretion of the binding protein post-translationally and results in defective delivery and supply to the epidermal cells.
Cystatin C, is also known as cystatin 3, a protein encoded by the CST3 gene, is mainly used as a biomarker of kidney function. Cystatin C is a low molecular weight protein (13.36 KD) member of the cystatin superfamily of cysteine protease inhibitors. It is produced by all nucleated cells and exhibits a stable production rate. Cystatin C is freely filtered by the glomerulus and metabolized after tubular reabsorption.
Kidney Injury Molecule-1 (KIM-1), is also known as T-cell immunoglobulin and mucin domain 1 (TIM-1), which is a protein the most highly upregulated in injured kidneys by various types of insults. Its upregulation during renal injury has been found in the kidneys of the vertebrates such as Zebrafish and humans.