Cytokine Storm: Symptoms and Diagnosis
Cytokine storm, also known as cytokine storm syndrome (CSS) or hypercytokinemia, refers to the phenomenon that multiple cytokines, such as…
Category: Immunology News
Mechanism of MDP As a Vaccine Adjuvant Causing Fever
The addition of adjuvants to vaccine formulations to enhance the immune response to vaccine antigens by enhancing antigen processing and…
An Overview of PD-1/PD-L
In recent years, monoclonal antibody therapy against immunological checkpoints has made breakthroughs in cancer treatment, especially in the treatment of…
What is Fc receptors?
Fc receptors, the receptors for the Fc portion of immunoglobulins, play an essential role in antibody-dependent immune responses. An Fc…
Interferons and Interferon Receptors
Interferons (IFNs) were the first family of cytokines to be discovered. In 1957 researchers observed that if susceptible animal cells…
What is an autoimmune disease?
What is an autoimmune disease? An autoimmune disease is a condition arising from an abnormal immune response to a normal…
Immunogen, Antigen, Hapten, Epitope, and Adjuvant
Whenever we refer a pathogen, we may think the entire microbe is responsible for the disease.But the fact is these…
Influenza vaccination: the effect of Micro needle patch is better than Injection
It is known that vaccination is an effective way to prevent from flu, so many people think it reliable. In…