Author Archives: diag

Sinusitis, also known as sinus infection, is a symptom caused by inflammation of the sinus mucosa. Common symptoms include snot, stuffy nose, and facial pain. Other signs and symptoms may include fever, headache, poor sense of smell, sore throat and...
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Lysosomes are a membrane-bound organelle found in many animal cells. They are spherical vesicles containing hydrolases that break down many biomolecules. The pH of the lysosome in the range of 4.5 to 5.0 is optimal for the enzyme involved in...
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Introduction of Golgi Bodies Golgi is a highly polar organelle composed of many flat vesicles. It is often distributed between the endoplasmic reticulum and the cell membrane. It is slightly arcuate or hemispherical and has a certain polarity. The convex...
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The rapid proliferation of tumor cells requires a large amount of nutrients, which requires the formation of new blood vessels in the tumor environment to meet this need. Humans discovered that tumor blood vessels expanded and grew rapidly in around...
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The endoplasmic reticulum (ER) is a very important multi-functional organelle in eukaryotic cells. While completing the basic physiological functions, the endoplasmic reticulum becomes a pivotal platform for coordinated signal transduction with its large membrane structure. The endoplasmic reticulum is a...
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In light-sensitive higher organisms, the biological clock is a set of functional systems formed by photoreceptor neurons, endocrine systems, and gene timing oscillation expression regulation. It enables the organism to form a rhythm of day and night from microscopic levels...
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Electric field therapy is a non-invasive method of tumor treatment that uses alternating electric fields of specific frequency and intensity to selectively destroy mitosis in cancer cells. Electric field therapy can target proteins that are critical to the cancer cell...
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Mitochondria are a subcellular structure prevalent in eukaryotic cells and the most important source of energy in cells. Most tissue cells in the human body rely on oxidative phosphorylation of mitochondria to obtain the energy needed to maintain their metabolism....
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Circulating tumor DNA (ctDNA) is a kind of free DNA released by tumor cells after necrosis and apoptosis. Because it circulates in the blood, the detection of ctDNA can reflect the tumor state in time. In 1940, Mandel and Métais...
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Telomeres are short, multi-repeat non-transcribed sequences (TTAGGG) and some binding proteins that make up a special structure. In addition to providing a buffer for non-transcribed DNA, protects chromosome ends from fusion and degradation, chromosomal localization, replication, it plays an important...
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