Sample
Serum, plasma, tissue homogenates and other biological fluids.
Intended Use
β-EP ELISA Kit allows for the in vitro quantitative determination of β-EP concentrations in serum, plasma, tissue homogenates and other biological fluids.
Storage
2-8°C for 6 months
Precision
Intra-Assay: CV<8%
Inter-Assay: CV<10%
Detection Range
15.625-1000pg/ml
Citations
Publication ()
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An Opportunistic Study to Assess African Green Monkey (Chlorocebus sabaeus aethiops) Welfare Using Novel and Classical Biomarkers
Roman, B. C., Hooper, S. E., Beierschmitt, A. M., & Gallagher, C. A.
J Am Assoc Lab Anim Sci2025 MayPubMed ID: 12189237Read Article
Applications: ELISA
Reactive species: Human
"Abstract: The care and well-being of nonhuman primates (NHPs) in biomedical science have benefited from species-specific enrichment research. However, there remain few publications on African green monkey (AGM) welfare and husbandry. This opportunistic study aimed to explore the use of novel stress parameters alongside cortisol. Cortisol is a traditional stress biomarker, but its sensitivity to various factors calls for the study of supplemental stress biomarkers. Cortisol concentrations were analyzed in blood and fecal samples while potential novel biomarkers, lysozyme and β-endorphin, were analyzed in saliva and blood samples, respectively. The opportunistic design of this study introduced uncontrollable variables, although generalized linear mixed models with random and fixed effects were used to account for these factors. There were no significant changes in cortisol or β-endorphin levels, but a significant decrease in lysozyme levels was observed over time. The observed decrease in lysozyme levels indicates its potential as a biomarker for stress in AGMs. Future research should further explore lysozyme’s applicability as a biomarker for assessing animal welfare."
Article snippet: Lysozyme levels were assayed from saliva samples with commercial kits (LYZ [Human)] ELISA Kit; Creative Diagnostics, Shirley, NY). 
Figure 1. Salivary lysozyme levels (μg/mL) for the study population.
Investigating Stress and Coping Behaviors in African Green Monkeys (Chlorocebus aethiops sabaeus) Through Machine Learning and Multivariate Generalized Linear Mixed Models
Roman B, Gallagher C, Beierschmitt A, Hooper S
Applications: ELISA
Reactive species: Human
"Abstract: Integrating behavioral and physiological assessment is critical to improve our ability to assess animal welfare in biomedical settings. Hair, blood, and saliva samples were collected from 40 recently acquired male African green monkeys (AGMs) to analyze concentrations of hair cortisol, plasma β-endorphin, and lysozyme alongside focal behavioral observations. The statistical methodology utilized machine learning and multivariate generalized linear mixed models to find associations between behaviors and fluctuations of cortisol, lysozyme, and β-endorphin concentrations. The study population was divided into two groups to assess the effectiveness of an enrichment intervention, though the hair cortisol results revealed no difference between the groups. The principal component analysis (PCA) with a Bayesian mixed model analysis reveals several significant patterns in specific behaviors and physiological responses, highlighting the need for further research to deepen our understanding of how behaviors correlate with animal welfare. This study's methodology demonstrates a more refined approach to interpreting these behaviors that can help improve animal welfare and inform the development of better management practices."
Article snippet: β-endorphin levels were assayed from plasma samples following the manufacturer’s directions (Creative Diagnostics® β-endorphin ELISA Kit, Shirley, NY, USA). Lysozyme levels were assayed from saliva samples following the manufacturer’s directions (Creative Diagnostics® LYZ (Human) ELISA Kit, Shirley, NY, USA). 
Figure 1. Scree plots showing the first 20 dimensions or principal components for (A) hair cortisol,(B) β-endorphin, and (C) lysozyme biomarker concentrations.
COA
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