Thiamphenicol Standard (98%)

Here we report a facile in situ solvothermal growth method for immobilization of metal-organic framework-ionic liquid functionalized graphene (MOF-5/ILG) composite on etched stainless steel wire. The X-ray diffraction spectra, scanning electron microscopy and transmission electron microscopy images showed that the metal organic framework possessed good crystal shape and its structure was not disturbed by the introduction of ILG. Moreover, the covalent bond established between the amino group of ILG and the carboxylic group of the metal organic framework improved the mechanical stability and structure uniformity of the microcrystals. The obtained material combined the favorable attributes of both metal-organic framework and ILG, having high surface area (820 m(2)/g) and good adsorption capability. Its adsorption properties were explored by preconcentrating chloramphenicol and thiamphenicol from aqueous solutions prior to gas chromatography-flame ionization detection. The MOF-5/ILG exhibited high enrichment capacity for the analytes as they could interact through pi-pi and H-bonding interaction. Under the optimum conditions, good linearity (correlation coefficients higher than 0.9981), low limits of detection (14.8-19.5 ng/L), and good precision (relative standard deviations less than 6.0% (n=5)) were achieved. The MOF-5/ILG composite displayed durable property. The method was applied to the determination of two antibiotics in milk, honey, urine and serum samples with acceptable relative recoveries of 82.3-103.2%. (C) 2015 Elsevier B.V. All rights reserved.

A new method based on enzymatic probe sonication extraction prior to high-performance liquid chromatography (HPLC) has been developed for the determination of 11 antibiotics (drugs) and the main metabolites of five of them in fish tissue and mussel samples. The analytes belong to four different classes of antibiotics (sulfonamides, tetracyclines, penicillins and amphenicols). The analysed compounds were sulfadiazine (SDI) and N(4)-acetylsulfadiazine (NDI) metabolite, sulfamethazine (SMZ) and N(4)-acetylsulfamethazine (NMZ). sulfamerazine (SMR) and N(4)-acetylsulfamerazine (NMR), sulfamethoxazole (SMX), trimetroprim (TMP), amoxicillin (AMX) and its main metabolite amoxicilloic acid (AMA), ampicillin (AMP) and its main metabolite ampicilloic acid (APA), chloramphenicol (CLF), thiamphenicol (TIF), oxytetracycline (OXT) and chlortetracycline (CLT). The main factors affecting the extraction efficiency (type of enzyme, type and volume of extractant, ultrasounds power and extraction time) were optimised in tissue of hake (Merluccius merluccius), anchovy (Engraulis encrasicolus), mussel (Mytilus sp.) and wedge sole (Solea solea). The extraction was carried out using an extraction time of 5 min with 5 mL of water and subsequent clean-up with dichloromethane. High-performance liquid chromatography (HPLC) with diode array (DAD) and fluorescence (FLD) detectors was used for the determination of the antibiotics. The separation of the analysed compounds was conducted by means of a Phenomenex (R) Gemini C(18) (150 mm x 4.6 mm I.D., particle size 5 mu m) analytical column with LiChroCART (R) LiChrospher (R) C(18) (4 mm x 4 mm, particle size 5 mu m) guard-column. Analysed drugs were determined using formic acid 0.1% (v/v) in water and acetonitrile in gradient elution mode as mobile phase. The proposed method was also evaluated by a laboratory assay consisting of the determination of the targeted analytes in samples of Cyprinus carpio which had previously administered the antibiotics. (C) 2010 Elsevier B.V. All rights reserved.