The mammalian cerebral cortex is responsible for higher cognitive functions such as perception, consciousness, and acquiring and processing information. The neocortex is organized into six distinct laminae, each composed of a rich diversity of cell types which assemble into highly complex cortical circuits. Radial glial cells (RGCs) are the first cell populations of glial nature to appear during brain ontogeny. They act as primary progenitor (stem) cells as well as a scaffold for neuronal migration.
Radial glial cells originate from the transformation of neuroepithelial cells that form the neural plate during neurogenesis in early embryonic development. This process is mediated through the down-regulation of epithelium-related protein expression (such as tight junctions) and an up-regulation of glial-specific features such as glycogen granules, the astrocyte glutamate aspartate transporter (GLAST), the intermediate filament vimentin, and, in some instances, including humans, glial fibrillary acidic protein (GFAP).
BLBP is a protein involved in lipid metabolism and membrane synthesis. Its expression has been related with the neurogenic and/or gliogenic potential of radial glia. Some studies have referred to BLBP expression in the embryonic and adult brain in non-mammalian vertebrates. This protein has been detected in RGCs in the telencephalon of amphibian embryos and adult zebrafish. However, BLBP does not allow to clearly distinguish RGCs from NECs since it is expressed by both cell types.
| Cat. No | Product Name | Reactivity | Application |
| DCABH-2449 | Anti-FABP7 monoclonal antibody, clone BU2E2 | H, M | WB, IHC-P |
| DCABH-11484 | Anti-FABP7 monoclonal antibody, clone 2I9 | H | WB, ELISA |
| DPABH-09364 | Anti-Human FABP7 monoclonal antibody | H | IHC, WB |
Glial fibrillary acidic protein (GFAP) is considered to be a highly specific marker for glia. It is a type III intermediate filament (IF) protein that is expressed by numerous cell types of the central nervous system (CNS), including astrocytes and ependymal cells during development.
| Cat. No | Product Name | Reactivity | Application |
| DPABH-19078 | Anti-GFAP polyclonal antibody | H, R | WB, ELISA, IHC-P, ICC/IF |
| CPBT-66669GH | Anti-GFAP (C-terminal) polyclonal antibody | H, M, R, D | WB, ELISA |
| CABT-BL8484 | Anti-GFAP (C-terminal) monoclonal antibody, clone SN393 | H, M | IHC, WB |
Nestin was originally described as a neural stem/progenitor cell marker that appeared during development of the central nervous system (CNS), and it was defined as a class VI intermediate filament protein. Nestin expression is downregulated when CNS stem/progenitor cells differentiate into neurons or glial cells. In addition to embryonic and adult CNS stem/progenitor cells, nestin is expressed in CNS tumor cells, and the degree of nestin expression correlates with the malignancy of the CNS tumor. Thus, nestin is generally recognized as a marker protein of undifferentiated CNS cells at the stage that precedes exit from the cell cycle and commitment of the mature progeny to a specific lineage.
| Cat. No | Product Name | Reactivity | Application |
| CABT-L3001 | Anti-Human Nestin monoclonal antibody, clone JID749 | H | IHC |
| DMAB7484MH | Anti-Nestin monoclonal antibody, clone 3D14C10 | H | ICC, WB |
| DCABH-366 | Anti-NES monoclonal antibody, clone 512 | M, R | ICC/IF, IHC, WB |
SOX2, a HMG box transcription factor, a persistent marker for multipotential neural stem cells derived from embryonic stem cells, the embryo or the adult. SOX2 belongs to the family of SOXB1 factors and is a pivotal regulator of maintenance and induction of both PSCs and neural progenitor cells.
| Cat. No | Product Name | Reactivity | Application |
| DMABT-H23512 | Anti-SOX2 monoclonal antibody, clone Cukdf | H | FC, ELISA, IHC-P, ICC, WB |
| DCABH-2131 | Anti-SOX2 monoclonal antibody, clone 4B3 | H | WB, ELISA, IHC-P |
| DCABH-5662 | Anti-SOX2 monoclonal antibody, clone 31H6 | H, M | IHC-P, IP, WB, FC, ICC/IF |
PAX6 is a member of the Pax gene family which is responsible for carrying the genetic information that will encode the Pax-6 protein. It plays a important role in the development of eyes and other sensory organs, certain neural and epidermal tissues as well as other homologous structures, usually derived from ectodermal tissues.
| Cat. No | Product Name | Reactivity | Application |
| CABT-29261MH | Anti-PAX6 monoclonal antibody, clone QBY6J437 | H | ELISA, IHC-P, WB |
| DCABY-1282 | Anti-PAX6 monoclonal antibody, clone 204DU26.3.3 | H | WB, IF |
| DPABH-25926 | Anti-Human PAX6 polyclonal antibody | H, M | WB, IHC, IF, FC, ELISA |
HES1 is expressed in both neuroepithelial cells and radial glial cells, both neural stem cells. Hes1 expression, along with that of Hes5, covers the majority of the developing embryo at embryonic day 10.5. HES1 influences the maintenance of certain stem cells and progenitor cells. Specifically, HES1 influences the timing of differentiation by repressing bHLH activators, and determines binary cell fate.
| Cat. No | Product Name | Reactivity | Application |
| CABT-L725 | Anti-HES1 monoclonal antibody, clone TD17-32 | H, M, R | WB, FC, ICC/IF, IHC |
| DPAB-DC1611 | Anti-HES1 (aa 36-142) polyclonal antibody | M | WB, ELISA |
| CABT-RM152 | Anti-HES1 monoclonal antibody, clone IT406B | H, M | IHC, ELISA |
The glutamate transporter GLAST is localized on the cell membrane of mature astrocytes and is also expressed in the ventricular zone of developing brains. Reports show that the glutamate transporter GLAST is expressed from radial glia through astrocytes during spinal cord development.
| Cat. No | Product Name | Reactivity | Application |
| DCABH-7305 | Anti-SLC1A3 monoclonal antibody, clone 3H8d3 | R | WB, IHC, ELISA |
| DPABH-27425 | Anti-Human SLC1A3 polyclonal antibody | H, M, R | WB, IP, IHC, IF, ELISA |
| DPABH-02585 | Anti-Human SLC1A3 polyclonal antibody | H, M, R | WB |
GS is present predominantly in the brain, kidneys, and liver. GS in the brain participates in the metabolic regulation of glutamate, the detoxification of brain ammonia, the assimilation of ammonia, recyclization of neurotransmitters, and termination of neurotransmitter signals. Glutamine synthetase activity has been shown to be a useful marker of astrocytes.
| Cat. No | Product Name | Reactivity | Application |
| CABT-L1329 | Anti-Human Glutamine Synthetase monoclonal antibody, clone 8I0M27 | H, M, R | FC, ICC, IF, WB |
| CABT-B9212 | Anti-Human Glutamine Synthetase monoclonal antibody, clone 7 | H, M, R | WB, IHC, Bioimaging, IF, IP |
| CABT-L3005 | Anti-Human Glutamine Synthetase monoclonal antibody, clone JID697 | H | IHC |
Species: H Human; M Mouse; R Rat; Z Zebrafish; X Xenopus laevis; B Bovine; C Cow; D Dog; P Pig; Q Quail
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