Bovine IgG [FITC]

Background: Brucella abortus S19 is the most widely used vaccine for the prevention of bovine brucellosis which remains the reference vaccine to which many other vaccine/s are compared. Considering the larger vaccination coverage by reduced dose of vaccine, the study aimed to compare reduced graded doses (1/10th, 1/20th and 1/100th) with standard dose of S19 vaccine (40 x 10(9)CFU/dose) to determine the effective immunizing dose in water buffaloes. Methods: A total of 25 female buffalo calves (Bubalus bubalis) in the age group of 4-5 months were equally grouped into five animals each in four test and one control groups and given with specified vaccine dose. The blood samples were collected on post vaccination days 14, 28, 45, 60, 90 and 120 for assessing innate (TNF-alpha and IL-12), humoral (IgG antibodies against Brucella LPS) and cell mediated immune responses (IFN-gamma, CD4 + and CD8 + counts). Results: The full dose, 1/10th and 1/20th reduced doses of S19 vaccine was capable of eliciting pathogen-specific antibody response, vaccine induced secretion of IL-12, TNF-alpha and IFN-gamma with CD4 + and CD8 + effector T cell responses. Persistence of antibody and magnitude of immune responses were found dose dependent. Conclusion: Comparable immune responses were noticed with 1/10th reduced dose similar to standard dose. With this observation, decline of antibody titre will reduce the number of false positives and reduced dose of vaccine will facilitate larger vaccination coverage in the country. (C) 2020 Elsevier Ltd. All rights reserved.

Background: Anti-glomerular basement membrane disease (GBM) is an autoimmune disease caused by the deposition of circulating anti-GBM antibodies. Non-collagen region of alpha 3 chain of type IV collagen (alpha 3(IV)NC1) is one of the main target antigens, in which E-A and E-B are the most classical antigen epitopes. It has been reported that anti-GBM antibodies can be detected in HIV patients; however, its immunological characteristics are still unclear. Objectives: In this study, the positive rate of the anti-GBM antibodies in HIV and the immunological characteristics of the target antigens were clarified. Methods: A total of 93 HIV patients diagnosed in Beijing Youan Hospital from November 2017 to January 2018 were included. Enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay was used to measure the serum IgG autoantibodies specifically against GBM in these patients, as well as their subtypes and antigen spectra. Results: It was found that five out of the 93 patients with HIV had low to moderate levels of anti-GBM antibodies. However, these patients presented with no clinical manifestation of any kidney injury or pulmonary hemorrhages. Compared with HIV patients with negative antibodies, there were no significant differences in gender, age, CD4(+)T cell count and HIV viral load. All sera of five patients recognized non-collagenous domain1 (NC1) of alpha 3 chain of type IV collagen [(alpha 3(IV)NC1] as classic anti-GBM patients, followed by alpha 5(IV)NC1. The antibodies against alpha 3(IV)NC1 were IgG3 predominant, while these antibodies did not react with either of the classic epitopes on alpha 3 (E-A and E-B). Conclusion: These data suggest a distinct immunological profile of anti-GBM antibodies in patients with HIV, and might explain the non-pathogenic features of HIV associated anti-GBM antibodies.