Anti-S. aureus Enterotoxin A Polyclonal antibody

Organic based nanomaterials, and particularly graphite, have attracted significant interest over the last decade for a wide range of applications, including biosensing. This paper presents self-assembled nitrogen-doped graphite quantum-scale structures (N-G) with different nitrogen concentrations synthesized and demonstrated as SERS-active biosensors for live monitoring of the biomolecular changes within fibroblast and cervical cancer cells. This organic N-G template is synthesized via the introduction of nitrogen gas during graphite ionization. The ionization energy is supplied using an ultra-short femtosecond pulsed laser (USPL). An enhancement factor (EF) of 3.2 x 10(7) with the crystal violet (CV) dye at 100 nM concentration is achieved, as well as a similar to 6-fold and 12-fold enhancements for intracellular molecular compounds such as DNA/RNA and proteins. Live monitoring of cells reveals the biomolecular fingerprint of the intracellular components, such as proteins and DNA and their transient variation during cell development. While the proposed N-G template is a favorable microenvironment for fibroblast cells, allowing them to form a tissue-like structure, at high dopant concentrations cervical cancer cells demonstrate an apoptotic-like non-proliferating behavior. The SERS-active template with concurrent cell-selective apoptotic functionality can thus be used for combined cancer diagnostics and cellular discrimination, with potential therapeutic capabilities, that can further shed light on intracellular biomolecular changes during cell development.

The effects of whey protein isolate (WPI)-polyphenol coating on the microbial counts, physico-chemical properties, and sensory qualities of Asian sea bass (Lates calcarifer) steak during chilled storage were systematically investigated. Crude phenolic extracts (200 ppm) from ginger, lemongrass, and green tea were comparatively tested. WPI with crude plant extracts, especially ginger extract, can retard microbial growth by maintaining the total microbial quality below the acceptable limit of 7 log CFU/g for 15 days, whereas the shelf-life for the control was found to be 8 days. WPI-phenolic extract coating markedly retarded lipid and protein oxidation, heme protein degradation, metmyoglobin formation, discoloration, muscle softening, and drip loss of chilled sea bass steak. Lowered TVB-N, TMA, and propanal contents with a superior odor likeness score were found in the coated samples, suggesting the preventive effect against off-flavor development. Therefore, coating with WPIphenolic extracts, particularly ginger extract, can be an effective method for the preservation of chilled Asian sea bass steak.