Mouse Anti-Human GHR Hybridoma [IHI2.46.3]

Background Botryosphaeria dothidea causes apple white rot and infects many tree plants. Genome data for B. dothidea are available and many pathogenesis-related genes have been predicted. However, a gene manipulation method is needed to study the pathogenic mechanism of B. dothidea. Results We established a gene disruption (GD) method based on gene homologous recombination (GHR) for B. dothidea using polyethylene glycol-mediated protoplast transformation. The results showed that a GHR cassette gave much higher GD efficiency than a GHR plasmid. A high GD efficiency (1.3 +/- 0.14 per 10(6) protopasts) and low frequency of random insertions were achieved with a DNA cassette quantity of 15 mu g per 10(6) protoplasts. Moreover, we successfully disrupted genes in two strains. Bdo_05381-disrupted transformants produced less melanin, whereas the Bdo_02540-disrupted transformant showed a slower growth rate and a stronger resistance to Congo red. Conclusion The established GD method is efficient and convenient and has potential for studying gene functions and the pathogenic mechanisms of B. dothidea and other coenocytic fungi.

When designing the branch predictors in processors, designers not only need to consider the prediction accuracy, but also should pay attention to the die-area occupied by the predictor, power consumption and other issues. Previous simulations of branch predictors have either only considered accuracy, or used low-speed full system simulators. We presents BPSim, a fast simulation environment for branch predictor based on trace driven, combining accuracy, area, and power consumption. Within this environment, the design parameters of the TAGE branch predictor with superior performance are automatically explored by the given RAM size and GHR length as input.