Effect of enamel matrix derivative on alveolar ridge preservation in the posterior maxilla: A randomized controlled clinical trial
CLINICAL IMPLANT DENTISTRY AND RELATED RESEARCH
Authors: Lee, Jae-Hong; Jeong, Seong-Nyum
Abstract
Background EMD has been considered to exert positive effects on wound healing, postoperative discomfort, and bone regeneration. Purpose The aim of this randomized controlled clinical trial was to investigate and compare (a) horizontal and vertical bone dimensional changes, (b) early postoperative discomfort and soft tissue wound healing outcomes, and (c) treatment modalities for implant placement, following posterior maxillary alveolar ridge preservation (ARP) with and without adjunctive use of EMD. Methods Twenty-eight participants were randomly assigned to three groups: extraction sockets filled with bovine bone mineral and membrane with EMD (test group 1, n = 10) and without EMD (test group 2, n = 10) and spontaneous healing (control group, n = 8). Alveolar bone dimensional changes were measured using cone-beam computed tomography 5 months after ARP, and postoperative pain and wound healing outcomes were also evaluated. Results There were no significant differences in horizontal or vertical bone dimensional changes between test groups 1 (horizontal width changes at 1 mm apically below the alveolar ridge crest [HW]: -1.44 +/- 0.54 mm) and 2 (HW: -1.42 +/- 0.26 mm), but the changes at HW (-2.36 +/- 1.03 mm) in the control group were significantly greater than those in test groups 1 and 2 (P < .05). Early postoperative discomfort and soft tissue wound healing outcomes were not significantly different between the two test groups. Furthermore, unlike the control group, both the test groups 1 and 2 were implanted without sinus floor elevation using the lateral approach. Conclusion Within the limitations of this study, EMD failed to provide additional benefits in ARP in the posterior maxilla.
Hilbert spectrum analysis for automatic detection and evaluation of Parkinson's speech
BIOMEDICAL SIGNAL PROCESSING AND CONTROL
Authors: Karan, Biswajit; Sahu, Sitanshu Sekhar; Orozco-Arroyave, Juan Rafael; Mahto, Kartik
Abstract
Parkinson's disease (PD) is a progressive neurological disorder that mainly affects people in old age. Abnormality in the speech signals has been reported as a biomarker to detect PD. This study explores the use of Hilbert spectrum (HS) based features to model voice impairments in people affected by PD. The instantaneous energy deviation cepstral coefficient (IEDCC) is proposed. Statistical analyses show that the proposed feature is an effective and relevant biomarker for PD detection and evaluation of the dysarthria level in speech affected by PD. The capability of the proposed features to differentiate between PD and healthy people is evaluated upon five sustained vowels and ten isolated words from the standard PC-GITA database. The average accuracy of the proposed approach ranges from 82 % to 90 % with vowels, whereas for words the average accuracy ranges between 80 % and 91 %. Besides PD detection, the dysarthria level is evaluated according to the m-FDA scale. Spearman's correlation coefficients (rho) are computed between the estimated m-FDA values and the original scores. Correlations of up to 0.75 are obtained with vowel/o/, while 0.77 is the highest correlation obtained with the word/reina/. The developed models are further validated with a separate and independent dataset. The classification accuracy in these additional recordings ranges between 50 % and 80 % with vowels and from 50 % to 82 % with words. The promising results obtained on the additional test set indicate that the proposed method is suitable to perform the automatic detection of PD speakers in real-world conditions. (C) 2020 Elsevier Ltd. All rights reserved.