Mouse Anti-AP Hybridoma [BQ.7]

Edwardsiella tarda is a bacterial fish pathogen associated with high mortality in aquaculture. Lactobacillus plantarum, which is a probiotic with immunomodulatory properties, was used to improve the disease resistant in Nile tilapia (Oreochromis niloticus). One hundred twenty O. niloticus (60 +/- 5 g live body weight) were divided into four groups; the first (control) was fed on an unsupplemented diet, the second and the third group were fed on a diet supplemented with L. plantarum (10(12) bacterial cells/kg feed) for two weeks (G1) and four weeks (G2), and the fourth group (G3) was fed on a diet supplemented with antibiotic florfenicol for ten days. Haemogram, liver enzymes (AST, ALT and ALP levels), hepatic antioxidant enzymes (GPx and CAT) and serum creatinine were measured to assess the impacts of the additives on the health status of fish. The level of gene expressions of interleukin beta 1 (IL-1 beta), tumour necrosis factor (TNF)-alpha and IL-10 was measured after supplementation and challenge tests. Fish were challenged with the obtained median lethal dose (LD50) of E. tarda (2.54 x 10(6) CFU/ml). O. niloticus fed on supplemented diets with L. plantarum G1 and G2 showed significantly enhanced immune status even after fourteen days of the experimental infection with E. tarda; however, florfenicol treatment G3 (mortality 20%) had exhibited lower MR% compared with L. plantarum groups (mortality 43.3% for both) and the control (mortality 60%). L. plantarum could protect O. niloticus against E. tarda infection compared to the control with a significant enhancement of fish health that helps in the restoration of normal physiological status.

Osteogenic and antibacterial activities are two basic requirements for orthopedic implants. The present study mainly focused on the investigation of the osteoblast behaviors and antibacterial activities of Sr/Ag-incorporated titanium di oxide (TiO2) nanotube array (TNT) on the titanium surface. To this end, the Sr-incorporated TNT was firstly fabricated on the titanium surface by electrochemical anodization and hydrothermal treatment, and then Ag nanoparticles (AgNPs) were incorporated onto the nanotubes by reduction of the adsorbed Ag+ through ultraviolet (UV) irradiation. The TiO2 nanotubes had excellent hydrophilicity and Sr incorporation can further enhance the hydrophilicity; however, the AgNPs loading could slightly increase water contact angle. The release of Sr2+ can not only promote osteoblast adhesion, proliferation and mineralization, but also up-regulate the alkaline phosphatase (ALP) and osteocalcin (OCN) expression. The introduction of AgNPs on Sr-incorporated nanotubes did not significantly influence the osteoblast cell behaviors; however, it can effectively inhibit the adhesion and growth of Escherichia coli. Therefore, the method of the present study is expected to be suitable for surface modification of titanium surface to simultaneously enhance the osteo-bonding ability and antibacterial activities for bone repair. (c) 2020 The Author(s). Published by Elsevier Ltd. This is an open access article under the CC BY-NC-ND license (http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-nd/4.0/).