Potassium (K+) channels locate in cell membranes and control transportation of K+ ions efflux from and influx into cells. They play crucial roles in both excitable and non-excitable cells. K+ channels have transmembrane helices (TMs) spanning the lipid bilayer. Upon changes in transmembrane potential, these channels open and allow passive flow of K+ ions from the cell to restore the membrane potential.
Based on the structure and function, the channels are categorized into three major classes: the voltage-gated (Kv) (six TMs), inwardly rectifying (Kir) (two TMs), and tandem pore domain (K2P) (four TMs) channels. Furthermore, the ligand-gated (Kligand) channels have either two or six TMs and are stimulated by various messengers. A K+ channel can, independent of which class it belongs to, be divided into two parts: the pore-forming domain and the regulatory domain. The pore-forming domain is responsible for transportation of K+ ions and its structure is similar in all types of K+ channels. The regulatory domain senses diverse stimuli and its structure differs among the classes.
Calcium-activated potassium channel subunit alpha-1 also known as large conductance calcium-activated potassium channel, subfamily M, alpha member 1 (KCa1.1), or BK channel alpha subunit, is a voltage gated potassium channel. It is known to regulate repolarization of action potential discharge through a molecular association with high voltage-activated calcium channels.
| Cat. No | Product Name | Reactivity | Application |
| DPAB-DC1780 | Anti-KCNMA1 polyclonal antibody | H | ELISA |
| CABT-B9223 | Anti-Human K+ Channel α monoclonal antibody, clone 43/L Diboofm | H, M, R | WB, IF |
Potassium intermediate/small conductance calcium-activated channel, subfamily N, member 1 , also known as KCNN1, is an integral membrane protein that forms a voltage-independent calcium-activated channel with three other calmodulin-binding subunits. KCNN1 is expressed in human and murine heart with atrial predominance.
| Cat. No | Product Name | Reactivity | Application |
| CABT-BL2016 | Anti-KCNN1 polyclonal antibody | H | WB |
| CABT-BL2017 | Anti-KCNN1 (C-terminal) polyclonal antibody | H | IHC |
Potassium intermediate/small conductance calcium-activated channel, subfamily N, member 4, also known as KCNN4, is a human gene encoding the KCa3.1 protein. KCa3.1 regulates membrane potential and calcium signaling in erythrocytes, activated T and B cells, macrophages, microglia, vascular endothelium, epithelia, and proliferating vascular smooth muscle cells and fibroblasts. KCa3.1 is voltage-independent and is activated with reported EC50s of 95 to 350 nM by intracellular calcium binding to the EF-hands of calmodulin, which is constitutively associated with the C-terminus of the channel and serves as its calcium-sensing β-subunit. At the gene level, KCa3.1 transcription can be repressed by the repressor element-1 silencing transcription factor (REST) and increased through the transcription factors AP-1 (activation protein-1) and Ikaros-2. At the protein level, KCa3.1 function is increased by protein kinase A (PKA) and nucleoside diphoshate kinase B (NDPK-B) and inhibited by the histidine phosphatase PHPT1. NDPK-B and PHPT1 directly phosphorylate/dephosphorylate KCa3.1 on histidine 358 in the C-terminus and KCa3.1 modulation thus constitutes one of the rare examples of a histidine kinase/phosphatase regulating a biological process in mammals.
| Cat. No | Product Name | Reactivity | Application |
| DPABH-07911 | Anti-Human KCNN4 polyclonal antibody | H | WB |
| DPABH-13718 | Anti-Human KCNN4 polyclonal antibody | H | WB, ELISA |
Inwardly-rectifying potassium channels (Kir) are the principal class of two-TM domain potassium channels. They are characterised by the property of inward-rectification, which is described as the ability to allow large inward currents and smaller outward currents. Inwardly rectifying potassium channels (Kir) are responsible for regulating diverse processes including: cellular excitability, vascular tone, heart rate, renal salt flow, and insulin release. Kir1.1 channels (also known as ROMK1-6 and KAB-1) are thought to underlie K+ secretion in the kidney. Their activity is modulated by intracellular pH, with acidosis inhibiting the channel. Both N- and C-termini are thought to be involved in this modulation. Mutations in Kir1.1 lead to Bartter's syndrome type III, an inherited kidney disorder, which leads to salt-wasting, hypokalaemia and metabolic acidosis. All of the mutations that have been functionally characterised either abolish, or markedly reduce, Kir1.1 K+ currents.
| Cat. No | Product Name | Reactivity | Application |
| DPAB-DC1771 | Anti-KCNJ1 (aa 292-391) polyclonal antibody | H | WB, ELISA |
| CABT-L3760 | Anti-Human KCNJ1 (Phospho-Ser44/25) polyclonal antibody | H, M, R | IHC, IF, ELISA |
Inwardly-rectifying potassium channels (Kir) are the principal class of two-TM domain potassium channels. They are characterised by the property of inward-rectification, which is described as the ability to allow large inward currents and smaller outward currents. Inwardly rectifying potassium channels (Kir) are responsible for regulating diverse processes including: cellular excitability, vascular tone, heart rate, renal salt flow, and insulin release. Kir3.1 channels are thought to form heteromers in vivo: in heart, consisting of Kir3.1 and Kir3.2, and in brain, Kir3.1 with Kir 3.4.
| Cat. No | Product Name | Reactivity | Application |
| DCABY-1199 | Anti-KCNJ3 monoclonal antibody, clone 494DU33.3.2 | H | WB |
| DCABH-2178 | Anti-KCNJ3 monoclonal antibody, clone FQS7474 | H, M, R | WB, FC |
| CABT-L3763 | Anti-Human KCNJ3 (Phospho-Ser185) polyclonal antibody | H, M, R | WB, IHC, IF, ELISA |
The voltage-gated potassium channel Kv7.1 (KCNQ1, KvLQT1) is regulator of several physiological processes including vasodilatation, repolarization of cardiomyocytes, and control of secretory processes. A number of Kv7.1 pore mutants are sensitive to extracellular potassium.
| Cat. No | Product Name | Reactivity | Application |
| DPABH-24423 | Anti-KCNQ1 (aa 662-676) polyclonal antibody | H | WB |
| CABT-B9461 | Anti-Human KCNQ1 monoclonal antibody, clone 6F23 | H | WB, FC |
| CABT-B10507 | Anti-Human KCNQ1 monoclonal antibody, clone T48B-20 | H | WB, IHC, IF, IP |
Species: H Human; M Mouse; R Rat; Z Zebrafish; X Xenopus laevis; B Bovine; C Cow; D Dog; P Pig; Q Quail; G Goat; Ch Chicken
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