Mouse Anti-Human GCDFP-15 monoclonal antibody, clone JID126

Tongluo-Qutong rubber plaster (TQRP) is a well-known traditional Chinese medicine prescription for the treatment of osteoarthritis and cervical spondylosis. Due to a lack of in vivo permeation data, the active ingredients of TQRP have not been fully elucidated, presenting a huge obstacle to quality evaluation, pharmacokinetic studies, and safety assessment of TQRP for clinical application. In this study, a selective and reproducible ultraperformance liquid chromatography tandem mass spectrometry method was developed and validated for percutaneous microdialysis and pharmacokinetic experiments. In the percutaneous microdialysis study, the mean area under the concentration-time curve (AUC(0-24h)) of emodin (EMO) and piperine (PIP) were 127.1 and 2603.6 h.ng/mL, respectively. In the pharmacokinetic study, ferulic acid (FA), EMO, and PIP were determined in plasma samples. The mean AUC(0-32h) values of FA, EMO, and PIP in plasma were 15441.5, 202.0, and 1704.5 h.ng/mL, respectively. The in vivo exposure levels of active ingredients such as FA, EMO, and PIP after dermal administration of TQRP provide insights and data to support identification of its bioactive components and further study of its mechanism of action.

Stopping land degradation is one of the biggest challenges worldwide and particularly in Burundi, with its unprecedented rates of soil loss and growing food insecurity. This article proposes a different discourse onhowto engage people in stopping land degradation, and presents results and lessons learned from a bottom-up inclusive approach implemented since 2014 in Burundi: the integrated farm planning (PIP) approach. The PIP approach aims to build a solid foundation for sustainable change toward enhanced food production and good land stewardship, based on three foundation principles (motivation, stewardship, and resilience) and three guiding principles (empowerment, integration, and collaboration). This article is based on two studies undertaken in 2018: an impact study among 202 households and a qualitative study using the most significant change methodology with 30 households. Findings from both studies provide initial support that the PIP approach generates considerable changes at household, farm, and village level. Based on a vision and a plan for their farm, motivated PIP households are currently investing in the resilience of their farms and applying a diversity of conservation practices, while in all PIP villages concrete collective action is undertaken for sustainable land stewardship. Given its rapid upscaling in Burundi and the potential of the PIP approach to mobilize farmers for motivated action, the article concludes with a reflection on the core elements of a different discourse to stop land degradation.