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Metabotropic receptors are a subtype of membrane receptors that do not form an ion channel pore but use signal transduction mechanisms, often G proteins, to activate a series of intracellular events using second messenger chemicals. Examples of metabotropic receptors include glutamate receptors, muscarinic acetylcholine receptors, GABAB receptors, most serotonin receptors, and receptors for norepinephrine, epinephrine, histamine, dopamine, neuropeptides, and endocannabinoids.
Chemical messengers bind to metabotropic receptors to initiate a diversity of effects caused by biochemical signaling cascades. G protein-coupled receptors are all metabotropic receptors. The metabotropic G protein-coupled receptors have seven hydrophobic transmembrane domains. When the neurotransmitter binds to the receptor, there is an activation via the G-protein that later activates the secondary messengers. Metabotropic receptors on the presynaptic membrane can inhibit or more rarely facilitate neurotransmitter release from the presynaptic neuron.
Since opening channels by metabotropic receptors involves activating a number of molecules in the intracellular mechanism, these receptors take longer to open than the inotropic receptors. They have a much longer effect than ionotropic receptors, which open quickly but only remain open for a few milliseconds. While ionotropic channels have an effect only in the immediate region of the receptor, the effects of metabotropic receptors can be more widespread throughout the cell.
Metabotropic glutamate (mGlu) receptors are G-protein coupled receptors that have been subdivided into 3 groups, based on sequence similarity, pharmacology and intracellular signaling mechanisms. Group I mGlu receptors (mGlu1 and mGlu5) are coupled to PLC and intracellular calcium signaling, while group II (mGlu2 and mGlu3) and group III receptors (mGlu4, mGlu6, mGlu7, and mGlu8) are negatively coupled to adenylyl cyclase.
| Cat. No | Product Name | Reactivity | Application |
| DPATB-H82783 | Anti-Metabotropic Glutamate Receptor (N-terminal) polyclonal antibody | N/A | WB, ELISA |
| DPABH-03769 | Anti-Metabotropic Glutamate Receptor (C-terminal) polyclonal antibody | H | IHC-P |
Metabotropic glutamate (mGlu) receptors are G-protein coupled receptors that have been subdivided into 3 groups, based on sequence similarity, pharmacology and intracellular signaling mechanisms. Group I mGlu receptors (mGlu1 and mGlu5) are coupled to PLC and intracellular calcium signaling, while group II (mGlu2 and mGlu3) and group III receptors (mGlu4, mGlu6, mGlu7, and mGlu8) are negatively coupled to adenylyl cyclase.
| Cat. No | Product Name | Reactivity | Application |
| DPAB2747RR | Anti-GRM5 (C-terminal) polyclonal antibody | R | IHC, ICC, WB |
| DCABH-3010 | Anti-GRM5 monoclonal antibody, clone T86-44 | H, M, R | FC, WB, IP, IHC-P |
GABAB receptors (GABABR) are G-protein coupled receptors for gamma-aminobutyric acid (GABA), therefore making them metabotropic receptors, that are linked via G-proteins to potassium channels. They are found throughout the CNS both presynaptically and postsynaptically and are linked to inwardly rectifying potassium channels. Synaptically released GABA can activate presynaptic GABAB receptors on GABA neurons, reducing GABA release, or presynaptically on local glutamatergic neurons, decreasing glutamatergic release. The primary effects of GABAB receptor activation include inhibition of adenylyl cyclase, inhibition of voltage-dependent calcium channels and activation of inwardly rectifying potassium channels.
| Cat. No | Product Name | Reactivity | Application |
| DCABH-3026 | Anti-GABBR1 monoclonal antibody, clone T04B-50 | H, M, R | WB, ICC/IF |
| DPABH-25060 | Anti-GABBR1 (N-terminal) polyclonal antibody | H, M, R | WB, IP, ELISA, IHC-P |
| DPABH-19129 | Anti-GABBR1 (aa 892-914) polyclonal antibody | H, M, R | IHC |
Species: H Human; M Mouse; R Rat; Z Zebrafish; X Xenopus laevis; B Bovine; C Cow; D Dog; P Pig; Q Quail; Ch Chicken
References
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