High-quality Immunohistochemistry Services

What is Biomolecular Interaction Analysis?

Immunohistochemistry (IHC), also known as histoimmunochemistry, is a laboratory method used to detect specific antigens (analytes) in tissue sections (histology) by the use of antibodies that bind to specific antigens in biological tissues. Tissue samples are generally preserved by using fixatives and then embedded in paraffin wax. Thin sections are cut from the paraffin block and attached to slides, where they are incubated with a primary antibody specific to the target antigen. The primary antibodies can be detected by a variety of methods. For chromogenic detection, secondary antibodies conjugated with an enzyme (usually horseradish peroxidase or alkaline phosphatase) catalyze a colored precipitate when substrate is applied. The resulting precipitate appears in the same spot as the antigen being targeted, and can be seen using a standard optical microscope. Alternatively, fluorescent dye-labeled antibodies can be used, which can be seen using a fluorescent microscope.

IHC is used in research and in clinical diagnostics. In clinical pathology, it is used for identification of cell types and tumor origin, and for the classification of cancer into subtypes based on the presence of molecular markers. IHC is also widely used in research for studying protein expression patterns, tissue localization, and disease mechanisms.

Applications of Immunohistochemistry Services

Determine tumor type, tissue of origin, and biomarker expression.

Assess target engagement, drug efficacy, and tissue distribution.

Visualize and quantify the presence of protein biomarkers in tissue samples.

Image neuronal markers and brain tissue architecture.

Identify infectious agents or immune responses in tissue samples.

Track differentiation and lineage-specific markers.

Perform high-throughput analysis of multiple tissue samples.

Stratify patients based on markers to aid personalized medicine.

Why Choose Creative Diagnostics' Immunohistochemistry Services?

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Creative Diagnostics has been a trusted supplier of Immunohistochemistry (IHC) Services to the scientific and clinical communities for many years, and our technical experience dates back decades. As specialists in IHC and with access to a broad range of IHC technologies, we provide robust and efficient solutions for identifying and visualizing selected protein targets in tissue sections with high specificity and sensitivity. We offer antibody selection and sample preparation services as well as staining protocol optimization and validation. Our IHC services also include comprehensive quality assurance and quality control measures that are critical to achieving consistent and high performance for all IHC assays. Creative Diagnostics IHC services support a broad range of applications including cancer biomarker discovery and validation, disease classification and diagnosis, drug development and target validation, as well as tissue-based research. Our IHC service offers the following core advantages:

Extensive Validated Antibody Catalog: A large panel of validated primary and secondary antibodies is available for a wide variety of cellular markers and signaling molecules.

Optimized Protocols: Staining protocols are fully customizable and optimized for specific tissue types and needs (FFPE and frozen sections).

High Sensitivity & Specificity: Optimized detection systems and stringent controls ensure precise localization and strong signal-to-noise ratio.

Quantitative & Qualitative Analysis: Optional image analysis and quantification performed using state-of-the-art digital pathology platforms for the support of reproducible and objective data interpretation.

Broad Application Scope: Provide image-based assays to support oncology, neuroscience, infectious disease, cardiovascular research as well as pharmacodynamic studies in preclinical and clinical programs.

Experienced Technical Team: Our scientists have years of hands-on experience in the development and troubleshooting of IHC assays.

End-to-End Workflow Support: Manage project design, antigen retrieval, chromogenic/fluorescent detection and all steps in between with a focus on quality and consistency to document results.

Our Services

To accommodate the varying requirements of immunoassay and diagnostics work, we provide robust immunohistochemistry (IHC) services, which includes a diverse antibody selection and range of staining technologies. Our IHC capabilities are designed to support downstream functional analysis, structural characterization, biomarker quantification and diagnostic assay development. Leveraging well-established IHC techniques and rigorous quality control systems, we ensure that the delivered results are highly specific, sensitive, and reproducible. Our main immunohistochemistry services include:

Antibody Selection and Validation

Receive expert advice to select the best primary and secondary antibodies for your target and tissue type, and validate to ensure specificity with minimal background.

Tissue Processing and Sectioning

We offer professional processing of both formalin-fixed paraffin-embedded (FFPE) and frozen tissues, including embedding, sectioning, and preparation of ready-to-use slides.

Antigen Retrieval Optimization

Customized retrieval protocols (heat-induced or enzymatic) to unmask epitopes and enhance staining efficiency.

Chromogenic and Fluorescent IHC Staining

High-quality single and multiplex IHC staining using HRP/DAB or fluorescent labeling to visualize target protein expression patterns.

Image Acquisition and Analysis

High-resolution slide scanning and optional digital image analysis for semi-quantitative or fully quantitative interpretation.

Custom IHC Assay Development

End-to-end development of novel IHC assays tailored to specific biomarkers or project requirements, including protocol optimization and troubleshooting.

Pathologist Review and Data Reporting

Optional professional interpretation by certified pathologists and delivery of comprehensive staining reports.

Case Study

Case Study

Creative Diagnostics immunohistochemical staining shows significant differences in HER2 protein expression levels in breast cancer tissues. The left picture shows a sample with high HER2 expression, with strong brown-yellow staining on the cell membrane, widespread distribution and clear boundaries; the right picture shows a sample with low expression, with only a small amount of cell membrane staining and a clean background.

FAQs About Immunohistochemistry Services

What kinds of samples are suitable for immunohistochemistry?

The commonly accepted types of samples for immunohistochemistry services are formalin-fixed paraffin-embedded tissue (FFPE), frozen section, fresh tissue and cell smear. The sample pretreatment method may significantly influence the antibody binding effect. FFPE samples are the most common due to their good structural preservation, but antigen repair is required to restore epitopes.

How to quantify and evaluate IHC staining results?

Quantitative methods include subjective semi-quantitative scoring (such as H-score), combined with staining intensity and positive cell ratio; and objective digital image analysis, using specialized software to automatically calculate pixel intensity and positive rate of the stained area to ensure the objectivity and repeatability of the data.

Can immunohistochemistry services support multiple staining (Multiplex IHC)? What are its advantages?

Yes, we provide multiple immunohistochemistry staining services, which can detect multiple protein markers on the same tissue section to achieve spatial localization and co-expression analysis. Compared with traditional single staining, multiple staining can save samples, increase the amount of information, and help in-depth research on complex tissue microenvironment and cell interaction.

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