Erythromycin
Erythromycin is an antibiotic with a broad spectrum activity, which belongs to the group of macrolides. Maximum Residue Limits (MRLs) for erythromycin for all food producing species are established in Europe: tissue at 200 ppb, milk at 40 ppb and eggs at 150 ppb. The screening for tylosin and erythromycin is an important tool for control in the honey industry.
Tilmicosin
Tilmicosin is a macrolide antibiotic developed for veterinary use. It is recommended for treatment and prevention of pneumonia in cattle, sheep and pigs, associated with Pasteurella haemolytica, P. multocida, Actinobacillus pleuropneumoniae, mycoplasma species and other microorganisms found sensitive to this compound. Tilmicosin has not been previously reviewed by the Committee.
Spiramycin
Spiramycin is a macrolide antimicrobial agent with activity against gram-positive organisms. It is used to treat toxoplasmosis and various other infections of soft tissues. Although used in Europe, Canada and Mexico, piramycin is still considered an experimental drug in the United States, but can sometimes be obtained by special permission from the FDA for toxoplasmosis in the first trimester of pregnancy.
Lincomycin
Lincomycin is a narrow spectrum antibiotic derived from Streptomyces lincolnensis. It belongs to the lincosamide group which also includes pirlimycin and clindamycin. The EU has set maximum residue limits (MRLs) for lincomycin in different foods of animal origin: 50 μg/kg for fat/eggs, 100 μg/kg for muscle, 150 μg/kg for milk, 500 μg/kg for liver and 1500 μg/kg for kidney. Although in the EU no MRLs have been established for antibiotics in honey, some countries including Belgium, Hungary, Switzerland and the United Kingdom have set Action Limits for lincomycin, which vary from 10 to 50 μg/kg.
Tylosin
Tylosin is a macrolide antibiotic produced by a strain of Streptomyces fradiae. It consists predominantly of tylosin A (factor A) and varying amounts of tylosin factor B (desmycosin), tylosin factor C (macrosin) and tylosin factor D (relomycin), depending on the manufacturing source. Tylosin is active against Gram-positive bacteria, mycoplasmas and certain Gram-negative bacteria. Its action is mainly bacteriostatic. Tylosin has also shown to induce growth promotion when added at low levels in animal feeds. Community MRLs have been established for tylosin in muscle (100 ng/g), fat (100 ng/g), liver (100 ng/g), kidneys (100 ng/g), milk (50 ng/g) and eggs (200 ng/g) for all food producing animals, including fish.
Key macrolides antibiotics analytes in our portfolio:
+ Erythromycin
+ Tilmicosin
+ Spiramycin
+ Tylosin
