Contents of Kit
1. Break apart microtiter test strips each with 8 antigen coated single wells (altogether 96), 1 frame, the coating material is inactivated. 12
2. Standard serum (ready-to-use), Human serum in phosphate buffer with protein; negative for anti-HIV-Ab, anti-HBs-Ag (Hepatitis B-Virus-surface antigen) and anti-HCV-Ab; preservative: < 0.1% sodium azide, colouring: Amaranth O. 2 × 2 ml
3. Negative control serum (ready-to-use), Human serum in phosphate buffer with protein; negative for anti-HIV-Ab, anti-HBs-Ag (Hepatitis B-Virus-surface antigen) and anti-HCV-Ab; preservative: < 0.1% sodium azide, colouring: Lissamine green V. 2 ml
4. Anti-human-IgM-conjugate (ready-to-use), Anti-human-IgM from goat (polyclonal), conjugated to alkaline phosphatase, stabilized with protein stabilization solution, preservative: 0.01 % methylisothiazolone, 0.01 % bromnitrodioxane. 13 ml
5. Washing solution concentrate (sufficient for 1000ml), Sodium chloride solution with Tween 20, 30 mM Tris, preservative: < 0.1% sodium azide. 33.3 ml
6. Dilution buffer, Phosphate buffer with protein and Tween 20; preservative: < 0.1% sodium azide, 0.01 g/l Bromphenol blue sodium salt. 2 × 50 ml
7. Stopping solution, 1.2 N sodium hydroxide
8. Substrate (ready-to-use), Para-nitrophenylphosphate, solvent free buffer, preservative: < 0.1 % sodium azide, (Substrate in unopened bottle may have a slightly yellow coloring. This does not reduce the quality of the product!). 13 ml
General Description
Echoviruses (31 serotypes) and Coxsackieviruses A (23 serotypes) and B (6 serotypes) belong to the family of Picornaviridae, genus Enterovirus. Furthermore, this genus includes three poliovirus serotypes and Enterovirus types 68-71. Typical for this virus group are the same physical, chemical and biological properties and a similar epidemiologic pattern.
Enteroviruses are ubiquitous pathogens that are mainly transmitted by faecal-oral route as well as by aerosol (droplet infection). Human to human transmission occurs via dirt or smear infection. The portal of entry of enteroviruses is the respiratory tract (especially the oropharynx) and the intestine, where they infect and multiply in the oropharyngeal and intestinal epithelium. From there, the virus can be carried by the bloodstream to the cells of the reticulo-endothelial system and certain target tissues such as myocardium, meninges and skin.
While in tropical regions there is no apparent seasonal occurrence of Enterovirus infections, in temperate countries infections occur most frequently in summer and subside in autumn.
Echovirus infections can be confirmed by virus isolation and identification, serologically, or by PCR. ELISA techniques have been introduced in recent years for serodiagnostics. Due to the large number of Echovirus serotypes, assays showing a broad Echovirus reactivity are useful. Broad reactivity is achieved by using heat denatured virions as antigens.
The CD ELISA classic Echovirus, highly purified, heat-treated Echoviruse types 6 and 9 are bound to the solid phase.
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