This Caffeine ELISA Kit is a competitive-based ELISA that can quantify caffeine in urine, saliva and serum samples.
Storage
The entire kit can be stored at -20°C for up to 12 months from the date of shipment. Opened kit is stable for 1 month at -20°C.
Detection Range
0.33 – 27 ng/ml
Sensitivity
0.3 ng/ml
General Description
II. Caffeine (1,3,7-trimethylxanthine) is a methylxanthine alkaloid which acts as a stimulant for central nervous system that can be used to increase blood pressure and reduce fatigue. Caffeine is naturally present in leaves, seeds, nuts and a number of plants. It is also known to have anti-inflammatory effect by inhibiting adenosine monophosphate phosphodiesterase. Nowadays, many common beverages including coffee, tea, sodas and energy drinks contain different levels of caffeine to relieve drowsiness and improve performance. At normal dose, caffeine generally improves reaction time, wakefulness, concentration and motor coordination. However, caffeine overdose in the body can lead to nervousness, bone loss, headache, anxiety, insomnia and even death.
Citations
Publication ()
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Neil D. Clarke, Darren L. Richardson, James Thie, Richard Taylor
International Journal of Sports Physiology and Performance2017 NovPubMed ID: 29140142Read Article
Applications: ELISA Reactive species: Human
"Abstract: Purpose: Caffeine, often in the form of coffee, is frequently supplemented by athletes in an attempt to facilitate improved performance during exercise. The aim of the present study was to investigate the effectiveness of coffee ingestion as an ergogenic aid prior to a one-mile (1609 m) race." Article snippet: Participants were instructed to expectorate into a 20-ml plastic cup, and the sample was then transferred to a capped glass vial that was immediately placed in a portable -20°C freezer before being transferred to a -80°C freezer for subsequent analysis of caffeine concentration using a standard enzyme-linked immunoassay kit (Caffeine ELISA Kit; Creative Diagnostics, Shirley, USA).
Background
Researchers discovered the central nervous system stimulant caffeine – found in coffee beans, cocoa beans, tea leaves. It's all around and it's wellness. As a drug, caffeine has been used in neurasthenia and in coma healing, and is the most common psychoactive compound on the planet. Since its uses have been established, caffeine has been added to many foods, beverages and drugs.
Figure 1. Caffeine chemical structure (Source: O'Keefe JH, et al. 2013)
Caffeine gets absorbed fast — within 15 minutes to 2 hours of production — and spreads through the body, across the blood-brain barrier. If caffeine's half-life is 2.5 to 4.5 hours for adults, for children with only the most limited metabolic capabilities, it's around 80 hours. Caffeine is broken down in the liver into CYP450 and most specifically CYP1A2. Adsorption, distribution, metabolism and excretion of caffeine upon consumption can be very variable and depend on age, sex, genes, CYP450 inducers or inhibitors. The body of caffeine-lovers might be different than it is for caffeine-nondrinkers: the latter are more easily influenced. A regular person can consume 400 mg of caffeine per day with a good health score. But toxicity, such as seizure or heart rate disorders, can occur once plasma caffeine is up to 15 mg/L or higher. Between 80 and 100 mg/L can be fatal with ventricular fibrillation the leading direct cause of death due to caffeine toxicity.
The metabolic process for caffeine in the body is complex, involving various purine and uric acid derivatives produced by different enzymes. We find three major metabolites: paraxanthine (PX), theophylline (TP), and theobromine (TB). Like caffeine, these metabolites are xanthine metabolites that are found in a great quantity in body fluids. There are different ways, depending on the research goal, to detect caffeine and its metabolites in foods, drugs and biological fluids. Early investigations mostly used infrared and ultraviolet spectroscopy. Since these techniques were developed with improved technology, the caffeine detection was also conducted by liquid chromatography, gas chromatography and LC-MS.
Alternative Names
1,3,7-trimethylxanthine ELISA Kit
References
1. O'Keefe JH, et al. Effects of habitual coffee consumption on cardiometabolic disease, cardiovascular health, and all-cause mortality. J Am Coll Cardiol. 2013 Sep 17;62(12):1043-1051.
2. Temple JL, et al. The Safety of Ingested Caffeine: A Comprehensive Review. Front Psychiatry. 2017 May 26;8:80.
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References
Effects of L-theanine-caffeine combination on sustained attention and inhibitory control among children with ADHD: a proof-of-concept neuroimaging RCT
We examined the acute effects of l-theanine, caffeine and their combination on sustained attention, inhibitory control and overall cognition in boys with attention deficit hyperactivity disorder (ADHD). l-Theanine (2.5 mg/kg), caffeine (2.0 mg/kg), their combination and a placebo were administered in a randomized four-way repeated-measures crossover with washout, to five boys (8-15 years) with ADHD. Functional magnetic resonance imaging (fMRI) was performed during a Go/NoGo task and a Stop-signal task similar to 1 h post-dose. NIH Cognition Toolbox was administered similar to 2 h post-dose. Treatment vs. placebo effects were examined in multi-level mixed-effects models. l-Theanine improved total cognition composite in NIH Cognition Toolbox (p=0.040) vs. placebo. Caffeine worsened and l-theanine had a trend of worsening inhibitory control (i.e. increased Stop-signal reaction time; p=0.031 and p=0.053 respectively). l-Theanine-caffeine combination improved total cognition composite (p=0.041), d-prime in the Go/NoGo task (p=0.033) and showed a trend of improvement of inhibitory control (p=0.080). l-Theanine-caffeine combination was associated with decreased task-related reactivity of a brain network associated with mind wandering (i.e. default mode network). l-Theanine-caffeine combination may be a potential therapeutic option for ADHD-associated impairments in sustained attention, inhibitory control and overall cognitive performance.
Voltammetric detection of caffeine content in different tea stuffs by using Co3O4/GCE-Nafion electrode
In this study, we synthesized Caffeine assisted Co(3)O(4)nanostructures via a low-temperature hydrothermal method. After structural and surface characterization, prepared Co(3)O(4)nanostructures were deposited on the surface of GCE through the drop-casting process with resulting electrode represented as Co3O4/GCE-Nafion. The modified electrode was used as a working electrode for oxidation of Caffeine (CAF). A square wave voltammetry technique used to examine the performance of the modified electrode offers the limit of detection (0.23 mu M). In comparison, amperometry shows more sensitive responses such as the limit of detection (0.097 mu M) and demonstrates good agreement in results at a wide range scale. The modified electrode exhibits good reproducibility with no significant interference in results. We compared these analytical results with other reported analytical techniques, but we obtain better results as compared to previous reports. Furthermore, Co3O4/GCE-Nafion was used to determine the concentration of CAF in tea samples, and the excellent recoveries were obtained at different concentrations of CAF. These results offer good reusability of the modified electrode in real-sample analysis and suggest the electrode feasibility for quality assurance of food and drug regularity authority applications.
COA
Publication 
Figure 1. Caffeine chemical structure
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