Urine Reagent Strip (Blood)

Introduction Proton-pump inhibitors (PPIs) may increase the risk of kidney stone formation, but the mechanism has not been elucidated. There is a paucity of literature evaluating the effects of PPIs on urinary metabolites and urine pH. Methods We performed a retrospective review of nephrolithiasis patients treated at our institution and compared patients who were taking PPIs to those who were not at the time of their 24-h urine collections. Hierarchical multivariate linear regression was used to evaluate the independent relationship between PPI use and urinary mineral composition. Results We identified 301 consecutive patients, 88 (29%) of whom were taking PPIs at the time of their 24-h urine collections. Patients taking PPIs were older and more likely to have medical comorbidities associated with metabolic syndrome such as hypertension, diabetes, and dyslipidemia (p < 0.01). Controlling for these factors, patients taking PPIs were found to have 12% lower 24-h urine citrate excretion (beta = - 0.12, Delta F = 4.24, p = 0.04). There were no other differences in urinary mineral composition between the groups. Conclusion Our findings suggest that patients who take PPIs regularly may be at risk for decreased urinary citrate excretion. The consequent decrease in urinary citrate may become clinically significant for patients with other predisposing factors for hypocitraturia.

A cryogel-based semi-interpenetrating polymer network (Cryo-SIPN) was prepared in which conductive polymers such as polyaniline (PANI) and polypyrrole (PPy) were formed within the super porous network of acrylic acid cryogel. For completion of cryo-polymerization, all the constituent solutions were severely mixed and placed into the plastic straws and kept at -20 degrees C and then the synthesized cyrogels were cut into the 1-cm length and freeze dried after washing with water. The Cryo-SIPN polymeric composite was applied in micro solid phase extraction (mu SPE) of some selected antibiotic residues from various samples. The mu SPE method combined with a high performance liquid chromatography-ultraviolet (HPLC-UV) system allowed trace quantification of antibiotic residues in the honey and water samples while the significant variables were optimized using a central composite design (CCD) to find optimum conditions. The method performance was satisfactory with recovery ranges from 70.0 to 109%. The limits of detection (S/N = 3) and quantification (S/N = 10) for all samples were within the 17-50 mu g kg(-1) and 47-140 mu g kg(-1) range, respectively. The relative standard deviation was less than 10 % for antibiotics in the foodstuff and water samples. The validated Cryo-SIPN-mu SPE in conjunction with HPLC-UV, proved to be versatile, efficient and robust while its capability toward the trace determination of drugs residues in real-life samples is demonstrated in this work. (C) 2020 Elsevier B.V. All rights reserved.