Effect of dry mycelium of Penicillium chrysogenum fertilizer on soil microbial community composition, enzyme activities and snap bean growth
ENVIRONMENTAL SCIENCE AND POLLUTION RESEARCH
Authors: Wang, Bing; Liu, Huiling; Cai, Chen; Thabit, Mohamed; Wang, Pu; Li, Guomin; Duan, Ziheng
Abstract
The dry mycelium fertilizer (DMF) was produced from penicillin fermentation fungi mycelium (PFFM) following an acid-heating pretreatment to degrade the residual penicillin. In this study, it was applied into soil as fertilizer to investigate its effects on soil properties, phytotoxicity, microbial community composition, enzyme activities, and growth of snap bean in greenhouse. As the results show, pH, total nitrogen, total phosphorus, total potassium, and organic matter of soil with DMF treatments were generally higher than CON treatment. In addition, the applied DMF did not cause heavy metal and residual drug pollution of the modified soil. The lowest GI values (< 0.3) were recorded at DMF8 (36 kg DMF/plat) on the first days after applying the fertilizer, indicating that severe phytotoxicity appeared in the DMF8-modified soil. Results of microbial population and enzyme activities illustrated that DMF was rapidly decomposed and the decomposition process significantly affected microbial growth and enzyme activities. The DMF-modified soil phytotoxicity decreased at the late fertilization time. DMF1 was considered as the optimum amount of DMF dose based on principal component analysis scores. Plant height and plant yield of snap bean were remarkably enhanced with the optimum DMF dose.
Effect of Enable Consultation on Addicts' Hope and Happiness
INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF PHARMACEUTICAL AND PHYTOPHARMACOLOGICAL RESEARCH
Authors: Mansouri, Maryam; Taheri, Ali Reza; Maghsoudi, Jahangir
Abstract
Opium addiction plats many social damages. So this study is designed and implemented by the aim of Strength-Based Counselling on addicts' hope and happiness in addiction leaving centers. Materials and methods: this research is a clinical trial study with two groups and three stages. Samples are 64 people that were assigned randomly in control and experimental groups. At first, participants filled Schneider's hope questionnaire, Oxford's happiness questionnaire and demographic properties part. The experimental group were consulted with solution focused therapy (SFT) method for 8 sessions and at last, hope and happiness were evaluated immediately one month after intervention. Data were analyzed with SPSS software. Findings: this study showed that there is a significant difference between mean score of hope and happiness in control and experimental groups before and after intervention (P<0.001). mean hope score in the experimental group were 24.66 +/- 3.03, 30.47 +/- 4.23 and 27.03 +/- 3.02 at the before of the intervention, immediately after intervention and one month after intervention respectively. Mean happiness scores in the experimental group were 63.09 +/- 5.42, 67.41 +/- 6.19 and 66.97 +/- 7.00 before the intervention, immediately after intervention and one month after intervention respectively. Conclusion: Strength-Based counselling was effective in addicts' hope and happiness improvement. Thus it is suggested to use this method as a practical aspect to help addicts and improve their hope and happiness.