Thyroid Stimulation Hormone Rapid Test

Deoxynivalenol (DON) is extensively detected in many kinds of foods and feeds to harm human and animal health. This research aims to investigate the effect of chlorogenic acid (CGA) on alleviating inflammation and apoptosis of swine jejunal epithelial cells (IPEC-J2) triggered by DON. The results demonstrated that cell viability was decreased when DON concentrations increased or incubation time expanded. The pretreatment with CGA (40 mu g/mL) for 1 h increased cell viability, decreased lactate dehydmgenase (LDH) release and apoptosis in cells triggered by DON at 0.5 mu g/mL for 6 h, compared with the DON alone-treated cells. Moreover, the mRNA abundances of IL-8, IL-6, TNF-alpha, COX-2, caspase-3, Bax and ASCT2 genes, and protein expressions of COX-2, Bax and ASCT2 were significantly down-regulated; while the mRNA abundances of ZO-1, claudin-1, occludin, PePT1 and GLUT2 genes, and protein expressions of ZO-1, claudin-1 and PePT1 were significantly up-regulated in the CGA + DON group, compared with the DON alone group. This study indicated that CGA pretreatment alleviated cytotoxicity, inflammation and apoptosis in DON-triggered IPEC-J2 cells, and protected intestinal cell integrity from DON damages.

Here, inspired by the hydrophilic/hydrophobic theory, a novel konjac glucomannan/poly (methyl methacrylate)/chlorogenic acid (KGM/PMMA/CGA) food packaging film was successfully fabricated via microfluidic spinning technology (MST). The results of fourier transform infrared spectroscopy and x-ray diffraction confirmed the formation of hydrogen bonds in the films, which lead to the enhanced mechanical properties. Thermogravimetric analysis and differential scanning calorimetry showed excellent thermal stability of the films. Water vapor permeability (1.47x10(-5) +/- 0.11 g/(m.h.kPa)) and water contact angle (89.2 degrees) measurement proved that the films were hydrophobic. The good swelling degree (85.18 +/- 15.65%) indicated film's potentials in releasing CGA. More importantly, KGM played a key role in the antibacterial activities against Staphylococcus aureus (8.5 +/- 3.5 mm) and Escherichia coli (6.5 +/- 2.1 mm) by utilizing its hydrophilicity. Thus, our present work may provide a new idea for constructing active food packaging films with significant performances based on hydrophilic/hydrophobic strategy.