Synthesis of CeO2 as promising adsorbent for the management of free-DNA harboring antibiotic resistance genes from tap-water
CHEMICAL ENGINEERING JOURNAL
Authors: Anthony, Eric Tobechukwu; Ojemaye, Mike O.; Okoh, Anthony I.; Okoh, Omobola O.
Abstract
The free-deoxyribonucleic acid (free-DNA) cassette harboring antibiotic resistance gene in drinking water has been linked with impaired public health. To prevent the problem of antibiotic resistance, we have synthesized a CeO2 adsorbent that exhibit highly positive character in a wide pH range, via the simple self-propagation combustion protocol, for the removal of free-DNA harboring antibiotic resistance genes. Molecular characterization of the extracted genes showed that the sizes for E. coli and inherent gyrB genes are 147 and 460 bp with a purity between 19 and 2.0. The XRD, SEM, TEM, and PZC results of the as-synthesized CeO2 showed an agglomerate of pure cubic-faced centered material and highly crystalline, with a net charge at pH 6.2. Experimental results revealed that the reaction proceeded via pseudo -first-order kinetic, and it is governed by electrostatic attraction. The free-DNA solution pH, electrolyte, and competing ions impacted on the adsorption process. Further experimental results showed that the as-synthesized CeO2 adsorbent has the potential to be used for the removal of free-DNA harboring ARGs from tap-water even under oxic conditions.
Tapping the Economic Potential of Chickpea in Sub-Saharan Africa
AGRONOMY-BASEL
Authors: Fikre, Asnake; Desmae, Haile; Ahmed, Seid
Abstract
Chickpea is a nutrition-rich, cropping-system friendly, climate-resilient, and low-cost production crop. It has large economic potential in the sub-Saharan Africa (SSA) region, where it currently accounts for only approximately half a million hectares of the approximately 12 million hectares of total chickpea production land worldwide. This review highlights the opportunities for promoting chickpea production and marketing to tap the vast economic potential in SSA. The region can potentially produce chickpea on approximately 10 million hectares, possibly doubling the global production, and the region could become one of the highest consumption geographies of this healthy crop. Chickpea could easily be integrated into existing cropping systems including rice-fallows and cereal monocropping systems. Successful cases studies of the crop in the region are highlighted. The region could tap into the potential at scale through intervention in the agricultural policy environment and development and promotion of improved chickpea production technologies supported by well-organized extension services and sustainable seed systems. These interventions could be complemented with value addition and product quality improvementsi for SSA chickpea to benefit from high-value markets.