Novel isoniazid derivative as promising antituberculosis agent
FUTURE MICROBIOLOGY
Authors: Volynets, Galyna P.; Tukalo, Michail A.; Bdzhola, Volodymyr G.; Derkach, Nataliia M.; Gumeniuk, Mykola I.; Tarnavskiy, Sergiy S.; Yarmoluk, Sergiy M.
Abstract
Background: A major focus of tuberculosis drug discovery is aimed at the development of novel antibiotics with activity against drug-resistant strains of Mycobacterium tuberculosis. Results: We have synthesized ten isoniazid derivatives and investigated for antibacterial activity toward M. tuberculosis H37Rv and isoniazid-resistant strain SRI 1369. It was revealed that only one compound, isonicotinic acid (1-methyl-1H-pyrrol-2-ylmethylene)-hydrazide (1), is active toward isoniazid-resistant strain with minimum inhibitory concentration value of 0.14 mu M. This compound is not cytotoxic toward human liver cells (HepG2; IC50 >100 mu M), demonstrates good permeability in Caco-2 cells. Accordingly to the results of plasma protein binding assay, unbound fraction of compound 1, which potentially exhibits pharmacologic effects, is 57.9%. Conclusion: Therefore, isonicotinic acid (1-methyl-1H-pyrrol-2-ylmethylene)-hydrazide is a promising compound for further preclinical studies.
Design, synthesis and biological activity of novel substituted 3-benzoic acid derivatives as MtDHFR inhibitors
BIOORGANIC & MEDICINAL CHEMISTRY
Authors: Kronenberger, Thales; Ferreira, Glaucio Monteiro; Ferreira de Souza, Alfredo Danilo; Santos, Soraya da Silva; Poso, Antti; Ribeiro, Joao Augusto; Tavares, Mauricio Temotheo; Pavan, Fernando Rogerio; Goulart Trossini, Gustavo Henrique; Bertacine Dias, Marcio Vinicius; Parise-Filho, Roberto
Abstract
The enzyme dihydrofolate reductase from M. tuberculosis (MtDHFR) has a high unexploited potential to be a target for new drugs against tuberculosis (TB), due to its importance for pathogen survival. Preliminary studies have obtained fragment-like molecules with low affinity to MtDHFR which can potentially become lead compounds. Taking this into account, the fragment MB872 was used as a prototype for analogue development by bioisosterism/retro-bioisosterism, which resulted in 20 new substituted 3-benzoic acid derivatives. Compounds were active against MtDHFR, with IC50, values ranging from 7 to 40 mu M, where compound 4e not only had the best inhibitory activity (IC50 = 7 mu M), but also was 71-fold more active than the original fragment MB872. The 4e inhibition kinetics indicated an uncompetitive mechanism, which was supported by molecular modeling which suggested that the compounds can access an independent backpocket from the substrate and competitive inhibitors. Thus, based on these results, substituted 3-benzoic acid derivatives have strong potential to be developed as novel MtDHFR inhibitors and also anti-TB agents.