Preparation and performance characterization of a novel high-performance epoxy resin modified reactive liquid asphalt
CONSTRUCTION AND BUILDING MATERIALS
Authors: Zhang, Zhu; Li, Jiusu; Wang, Zhengyuan; Long, Shiyu; Jiang, Shunjun; Liu, Guanlan
Abstract
In order to improve the mechanical, adhesion and high-temperature performance of liquid asphalt, Epoxy resin (EP) was blended to the liquid asphalt as a modifier. A novel cold mix asphalt was prepared by implementation the high-performance Epoxy resin modified Reactive Liquid Asphalt (ERLA) technology, where reactive liquid served as its main component. The produced cold mix asphalt had presented excellent theological and mechanical properties (dynamic viscosity, plasticity, Marshall Stability, etc.), meeting or exceeding the requirements of pavement materials. The optimized composition for ideal comprehensive performance was studied by orthogonal designed experiments on the theological and mechanical properties of ERLA. Infrared Spectroscopy (IR), Simultaneous Thermogravimetry Differential Scanning Calorimetry (TG-DSC) and Laser scanning confocal microscopy (LSCM)) were used to characterize the functional group changes during curing reaction, and subsequently to evaluate the thermal stability of the material at high temperature and the compatibility of ERLA. Experimental results indicated the optimum composition of ERLA (by weight percent) is 15% reactive liquid, 40% epoxy resin and 45% original asphalt with curing agent, achieving a grade at PG 82-22. This ERLA has superior theological and mechanical properties and therefore can be implemented for cold mix asphalt, leading to a more flexible and environment-friendly pavement construction. (C) 2020 Elsevier Ltd. All rights reserved.
Role of remanufacturing in product development and related profit estimation
JOURNAL OF CLEANER PRODUCTION
Authors: Bansal, Gunjan; Anand, Adarsh; Tiwari, Sunil
Abstract
Companies are preferring a sustainable production system that meets the rigorous environmental regulations and fulfills the demands of customers with a qualitative product. The design for remanufacturing (DfRem) is one favorable strategy that facilitates protecting the latent energy and power in salvaged products/components. This paper presents a mathematical model, which describes DfRem as an integral process in developing a new product under three different scenarios as: i) when only new components are used, ii) when a mix of old and new spare part is used, and iii) when only old components are considered. The paper defines a strategy in choosing the core acquisition mathematically that follows an exponential or delayed S-shaped distribution along with the cost model formulations. Using the non-linear optimization modeling, the proposed framework has been validated on the sales data related to products which belong to altered industries such as automobile, telecommunication, and electronics. Results have shown that a product developed using the combination of old and new components is better as compared to using all new components or all old components. Sensitivity analysis has been carried out to examine the impact of the various parameters on the decision variables. The significance of this study is to provide a solution of procuring components in different manners and producing remanufacturable products using either new or used (old) components to the manufacturers. (C) 2020 Elsevier Ltd. All rights reserved.