Product Name
LPS-EB / Lipopolysaccharide from E. coli 0111:B4 strain
Content
5 x 106 EU of Vaccine grade adjuvant lipopolysaccharide from E. coli 0111:B4 (LPS- EB Vaccine grade adjuvant)
Note: LPS-EB Vaccine grade adjuvant is sterile filtered prior to lyophilization.
- 10 ml sterile endotoxin-free physiological water (NaCl 0.9%)
Storage and Stability
LPS-EB is provided lyophilized and shipped at room temperature. Store at -20°C. Product is stable 1 year when properly stored.
- Upon resuspension, prepare aliquots of LPS-EB and store at -20°C. Resuspended product is stable 6 months when properly stored. Avoid repeated freeze-thaw cycles.
Description
Lipopolysaccharide (LPS) is a natural adjuvant synthesized by gram-negative bacteria and is a potent activator of the immune system. LPS stimulates the immune response through Toll-like receptor 4 (TLR4). This recognition involves the binding of LPS with lipopolysaccharide-binding protein (LBP) and subsequently with CD14 which physically associates with a complex including TLR4 and MD2. Formation of the TLR4-centered LPS receptor complex induces the production of proinflammatory cytokines, such as IL-12 and TNF-a, through the MyD88 pathway. LPS signaling also involves a MyD88-independent cascade that mediates the expression of IFN-inducible genes.
Similar to other TLR-based adjuvants, LPS drives Th1 immunity, although in certain circumstances low-dose inhaled LPS can promote Th2 responses5. While LPS is a potent adjuvant, its pyrogenic activity has prevented clinical use of LPS in vaccines. Large quantities of LPS induce the overproduction of cytokines causing septic shock. Intramuscular injection with LPS-EB induced the secretion of the proinflammatory cytokines TNF-α and IL-6 and the Th1-type cytokines, IFN- γ and IL-12. Cellular assays confirmed that LPS-EB is a potent inducer of dendritic cells activation and maturation via a TLR4 signaling pathway.
Most LPS preparations on the market are contaminated by other bacterial components, such as lipoproteins, thus activating TLR2 signaling as well as TLR4 signaling. LPS-EB only activates the TLR4 pathway.
Preparation of Sterile Stock Solution (5 x 106 EU/ml)
Add 1 ml of sterile endotoxin-free physiological water (provided).
- Vortex until complete solubilization.
- Use immediately or prepare aliquots and store at -20°C.
Note: 5 x 106 EU/ml corresponds to 5 mg/ml.
Working Concentration
0.1-25 μg/mouse
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