Florfenicol and Thiamphenicol ELISA KIT

The study on the removal of refractory veterinary antibiotic florfenicol (FF) in water is still very limited. In this study, an efficient Fenton-like catalyst was developed by synthesizing a series of Cu-based multi-metal layered double hydroxides (CuNiFeLa-LDHs) to degrade FF in aqueous solution. In the experiments, the screened CuNiFeLa-2-LDH with the molar ratio of La3+/(Fe3+ + La3+) = 0.1 exhibited high catalytic activity, achieving almost complete degradation of 5 mg L-1 FF under 5 mmol L-1 H2O2 conditions. The mechanisms revealed that the enhanced catalytic performance was ascribed to the existence of Ni which accelerated the electron transfer rate and La which served as a Lewis acidic site to provide more reactive sites in this Cu-dominated Fenton-like reaction, further generating (OH)-O-center dot, O-center dot(2)-, and O-2(1) as active species to attack pollutants directly. Interestingly, the catalyst showed a wide pH adaptability and little release of copper ions to the solution. The regenerated CuNiFeLa-2-LDH is demonstrated to be a stable and reliable material for florfenicol degradation.

The Amazon catfish is one of the main farm-raised native fish in Brazil. In spite of its importance, the main health-associated issues have been poorly characterized in these fish. In this study, we describe outbreaks of S. agalactiae, S. iniae, and S. dysgalactiae in Amazon catfish farms in detail. The genetic diversity and antibiotic resistance patterns of different isolates were also evaluated. Thirty-five diseased fish were sampled from four commercial farms, and were subjected to bacteriological examinations. The isolates were genotyped by REP-PCR, and antimicrobial susceptibility of six antibiotics was evaluated using the disc diffusion assay. Fifteen Streptococcus spp. isolates were identified (S. agalactiae = 10 strains; S. dysgalactiae = 1; S. iniae = 4), which were further confirmed by MALDI-TOF. S. agalactiae and S. dysgalactiae infections were successfully achieved under experimental conditions, which confirmed Koch's postulates. Three distinct genetic patterns were verified by REP-PCR for S. agalactiae; S. iniae isolates were indistinguishable by this technique. In antimicrobial susceptibility tests, all S. agalactiae isolates were classified as wild-types to erythromycin (ERY); S. agalactiae strains, non-wild-types to amoxicillin (n = 2 isolates), florfenicol (n = 4), norfloxacin (n = 2), oxytetracycline (n=3) (OXY), and trimethoprim-sulfamethoxazole (n = 6) (SXT); S. dysgalactiae strain, non-wild-type to OXY and ERY; and S. iniae isolates, non-wild-types to both SXT (n = 1) and OXY (n = 3). This study represents the first description of Streptococcus iniae, S. dysgalactiae, and S. agalactiae serotype II infections in farm-raised Amazon catfish. In addition, it is the first study that describes OXY resistant S. agalactiae isolates from farmed native fish in Brazil.