The Diacylglycerol Kinase alpha/Atypical PKC/beta 1 Integrin Pathway in SDF-1 alpha Mammary Carcinoma Invasiveness
PLOS ONE
Authors: Rainero, Elena; Cianflone, Cristina; Porporato, Paolo Ettore; Chianale, Federica; Malacarne, Valeria; Bettio, Valentina; Ruffo, Elisa; Ferrara, Michele; Benecchia, Fabio; Capello, Daniela; Paster, Wolfgang; Locatelli, Irene; Bertoni, Alessandra; Filigheddu, Nicoletta; Sinigaglia, Fabiola; Norman, Jim C.; Baldanzi, Gianluca; Graziani, Andrea
Abstract
Diacylglycerol kinase a (DGK alpha), by phosphorylating diacylglycerol into phosphatidic acid, provides a key signal driving cell migration and matrix invasion. We previously demonstrated that in epithelial cells activation of DGK alpha activity promotes cytoskeletal remodeling and matrix invasion by recruiting atypical PKC at ruffling sites and by promoting RCP-mediated recycling of alpha 5 beta 1 integrin to the tip of pseudopods. In here we investigate the signaling pathway by which DGK alpha mediates SDF-1 alpha-induced matrix invasion of MDA-MB-231 invasive breast carcinoma cells. Indeed we showed that, following SDF-1 alpha stimulation, DGKa is activated and localized at cell protrusion, thus promoting their elongation and mediating SDF-1 alpha induced MMP-9 metalloproteinase secretion and matrix invasion. Phosphatidic acid generated by DGK alpha promotes localization at cell protrusions of atypical PKCs which play an essential role downstream of DGK alpha by promoting Rac-mediated protrusion elongation and localized recruitment of beta 1 integrin and MMP-9. We finally demonstrate that activation of DGK alpha, atypical PKCs signaling and beta 1 integrin are all essential for MDA-MB-231 invasiveness. These data indicates the existence of a SDF-1 alpha induced DGK alpha - atypical PKC - beta 1 integrin signaling pathway, which is essential for matrix invasion of carcinoma cells.
ISKpn40-Mediated Mobilization of the Colistin Resistance Gene mcr-3.11 in Escherichia coli
ANTIMICROBIAL AGENTS AND CHEMOTHERAPY
Authors: He, Yu-Zhang; Long, Teng-Fei; Chen, Cai-Ping; He, Bing; Li, Xing-Ping; Schuyler, Jessica; Chen, Liang; Liao, Xiao-Ping; Liu, Ya-Hong; Sun, Jian
Abstract
The mobile colistin resistance gene mcr-3 has globally disseminated since it was first reported in 2017 in Escherichia coll. In vitro mobilization assays in this study demonstrate the functionality of the composite transposon structure ISKpri40-mcr-3.11-dgkA-ISKpn40 in wild-type and recA - E. coli strains. These transpositions generated 4-bp duplications at the target sites. This is the first report demonstrating the mobility of the mcr-3.11 gene by transposition.