The test can be used to detect ArMV in any common host plants.
Storage
All reagent components should be stored at the recommended temperature to assure their full shelf life. The kit should be used within six months of purchase.
Sensitivity
Sensitivity of the ELISA is high. The virus can be consistently detected in infected plant tissues diluted at 1:810.
General Description
Arabis mosaic virus is a viral plant pathogen that is known to infect multiple hosts. The pathogen, commonly referred to as ArMV, is from the Secoviridae family, and it causes Raspberry yellow dwarf virus and Rhubarb mosaic virus. The Arabis Mosaic Virus infects multiple hosts, including strawberries, hop, hemp, grape and geraniums, raspberries, sugarbeets, celery, horseradish, lilac, peach and lettuces. While it is common for the hosts not to show any symptoms of the pathogens influence, there are some symptoms that can occur in the hosts. The most prevalent symptoms of the ArMV are stunting of the plant and leaf flecking/molting and leaf enations. The symptoms will vary based on the type of rootstock, environmental conditions and variety.
Standard Curve
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Background
Arabis Mosaic Virus (ArMV) is a plant pathogen of the Secoviridae family, Nepovirus genus. It scours plants from ornamentals to major crops like grapes, strawberries, raspberries and peaches. The symptoms of ArMV can vary depending on the host plant and environmental factors. Common symptoms include leaf mottling and flecking, leaf deformation, stunted growth and vine decline. ArMV is primarily transmitted by soil-inhabiting nematodes, particularly Xiphinema diversicaudatum, which feed on the roots of infected plants and transfer the virus to healthy ones. The virus can also spread through infected propagation material and seed and pollen transmission.
The viral genome consists of two single-stranded positive-sense RNAs (RNA1 and RNA2). Their 3' ends are polyadenylated for stabilization and translation of RNA. Each RNA strand also contains a small genome-linked viral protein (VPg) bound to its 5' end for replication and translation of the virus.
The RNA1 segment of the ArMV genome encodes a polyprotein referred to as P1, which is processed into six functional proteins, referred to as X1, X2 (a putative protease cofactor), NTB (nucleotide triphosphate-binding protein), VPg, Pro (3C-like proteinase) and Pol (RNA-dependent RNA polymerase). The second genomic segment, RNA2, encodes another polyprotein called P2, which is cleaved by the protease encoded by RNA1 into three key proteins. The homing Protein (2A) may play a role in regulating the virus's replication or movement within the host. Movement Protein (MP) is essential for the virus's ability to move from cell to cell within the plant, facilitating systemic infection. And the coat protein (CP) forms the protective capsid around the viral RNA, ensuring its stability and facilitating transmission.
Figure 1. Phylogeny and diversity analysis of different ArMV isolates (Source: Hily JM, et al. 2021)
Alternative Names
ArMV ELISA Kit
References
1. Gao F, et al. Genetic diversity and molecular evolution of arabis mosaic virus based on the CP gene sequence. Arch Virol. 2016 Apr;161(4):1047-51.
2. Hily JM, et al. Metagenomic analysis of nepoviruses: diversity, evolution and identification of a genome region in members of subgroup A that appears to be important for host range. Arch Virol. 2021 Oct;166(10):2789-2801.
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Figure 1. Phylogeny and diversity analysis of different ArMV isolates
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