Anti-Salmonella type H-d Polyclonal antibody

The aim of this study was to evaluate the potential of adding fermented cantaloupe juice at different concentrations to extend the shelf life of fresh cantaloupe juice stored at 8 degrees C for six months. Cantaloupe juice was fermented with Lactobacillus plantarum FBS05 for 48 hat 37 degrees C. The antimicrobial activity of the fermented juice was determined using microtiter plate assays, and the bioactive metabolites were identified using H-1 NMR metabolomics analysis. Fermented juice was added to fresh juice at different ratios including 10:90, 20:80 and 30:70 (v/v) to determine the effects on the shelf life and sensory properties. Fermented cantaloupe juice demonstrated strong antibacterial activity against Escherichia coli, Salmonella typhimurium, Aspergillus flavus and Penicillium spp. The H-1 NMR metabolomics profiling identified 23 metabolites in fermented and non-fermented cantaloupe juice. The PCA model demonstrated significant discrimination level between the fermented and nonfermented cantaloupe juice. The metabolites responsible for the discrimination were lactic acid, GABA, acetoin, acetoacetate, cellobiose and alanine in the fermented cantaloupe juice, and sucrose, glucose, mannose and epicatechin in non-fermented cantaloupe juice. The ratio 20:80 of fermented cantaloupe juice to the fresh juice extended the shelf life for 6 months at 8 degrees C and sustained good sensory properties for cantaloupe juice. The findings of this study showed high potential for the fermented cantaloupe juice to be added to the fresh cantaloupe juice as natural preservative to extend the shelf life and improve the sensory properties.

Climate change is expected to affect not only availability and quality of water, the valuable resource of human life on Earth, but also ultimately public health issue. A six-year monitoring (total 20 times) of Escherichia coli O157, Salmonella enterica, Legionella pneumophila, Shigella sonnei, Campylobacter jejuni, and Vibrio cholerae was conducted at five raw water sampling sites including two lakes, Hyundo region (Geum River) and two locations near Water Intake Plants of Han River (Guui region) and Nakdong River (Moolgeum region). A total 100 samples of 40 L water were tested. Most of the targeted bacteria were found in 77% of the samples and at least one of the target bacteria was detected (65%). Among all the detected bacteria, E. coli O157 were the most prevalent with a detection frequency of 22%, while S. sonnei was the least prevalent with a detection frequency of 2%. Nearly all the bacteria (except for S. sonnei) were present in samples from Lake Soyang, Lake Juam, and the Moolgeum region in Nakdong River, while C. jejuni was detected in those from the Guui region in Han River. During the six-year sampling period, individual targeted noxious bacteria in water samples exhibited seasonal patterns in their occurrence that were different from the indicator bacteria levels in the water samples. The fact that they were detected in the five Korea's representative water environments make it necessary to establish the chemical and biological analysis for noxious bacteria and sophisticated management systems in response to climate change.