Rabbit Anti-Human PTN (a.a. 94-168) Polyclonal antibody

Tyrosine kinase inhibitors (TKIs) induce molecular remission in the majority of patients with chronic myelogenous leukemia (CML), but the persistence of CML stem cells hinders cure and necessitates indefinite TKI therapy. We report that CML stem cells upregulate the expression of pleiotrophin (PTN) and require cell-autonomous PTN signaling for CML pathogenesis in BCR/ABL(+) mice. Constitutive PTN deletion substantially reduced the numbers of CML stem cells capable of initiating CML in vivo. Hematopoietic cell-specific deletion of PTN suppressed CML development in BCR/ABL(+) mice, suggesting that cell-autonomous PTN signaling was necessary for CML disease evolution. Mechanistically, PTN promoted CML stem cell survival and TKI resistance via induction of Jun and the unfolded protein response. Human CML cells were also dependent on cell-autonomous PTN signaling, and anti-PTN antibody suppressed human CML colony formation and CML repopulation in vivo. Our results suggest that targeted inhibition of PTN has therapeutic potential to eradicate CML stem cells.

This study aims to identify and analyze the main supporting and inhibiting factors faced by academic and institutional personnel in the effort of developing the capacity of lecturers, especially to achieve professorship. Key issues to be researched and studied are related to (1) supporting and inhibiting factors, (2) existing strategies and strategies that should be undertaken, (3) design of academic capacity building models, and (4) evaluating the impact of study results and follow-up. This study is motivated by the government's policy demands to increase the professorship with the identified shortage of big professors as much as 17,000 people by kemenristekdikti and PTN bh needs in an effort to improve the quality and global competitiveness as World Class University (WCU). In that context PTN bh need an effective strategy to increase the capacity of human resources of lecturers especially acceleration to achieve doctoral degree (S3) and professorship (Professor) supported by international standard research capability and competence in accordance with the science / field of study.