Chromosomal-level reference genome of the incense treeAquilaria sinensis
MOLECULAR ECOLOGY RESOURCES
Authors: Nong, Wenyan; Law, Sean T. S.; Wong, Annette Y. P.; Baril, Tobias; Swale, Thomas; Chu, Lee Man; Hayward, Alexander; Lau, David T. W.; Hui, Jerome H. L.
Abstract
Trees in the genusAquilaria(Thymelaeaceae) are known as lign aloes, and are native to the forests of southeast Asia. Lign aloes produce agarwood as an antimicrobial defence. Agarwood has a long history of cultural and medicinal use, and is of considerable commercial value. However, due to habitat destruction and over collection, lign aloes are threatened in the wild. We present a chromosomal-level assembly forAquilaria sinensis, a lign aloe endemic to China known as the incense tree, based on Illumina short-read, 10X Genomics linked-read, and Hi-C sequencing data. Our 783.8 MbpA. sinensisgenome assembly is of high physical contiguity, with a scaffold N50 of 87.6 Mbp, and high completeness, with a 95.8% BUSCO score for eudicotyledon genes. We include 17 transcriptomes from various plant tissues, providing a total of 35,965 gene models. We reveal the first complete set of genes involved in sesquiterpenoid production, plant defence, and agarwood production for the genusAquilaria, including genes involved in the biosynthesis of sesquiterpenoids via the mevalonic acid (MVA), 1-deoxy-D-xylulose-5-phosphate (DXP), and methylerythritol phosphate (MEP) pathways. We perform a detailed repeat content analysis, revealing that transposable elements account for ~61% of the genome, with major contributions fromgypsy-like andcopia-like LTR retroelements. We also provide a comparative analysis of repeat content across sequenced species in the order Malvales. Our study reveals the first chromosomal-level genome assembly for a tree in the genusAquilariaand provides an unprecedented opportunity to address a variety of applied, genomic and evolutionary questions in the Thymelaeaceae more widely.
Ambulatory blood pressure variability and combined exercise training: comparison between hypertensive and normotensive postmenopausal women
BLOOD PRESSURE MONITORING
Authors: Mariano, Igor Moraes; Dechichi, Juliene Goncalves Costa; Matias, Larissa Aparecida Santos; Rodrigues, Mateus de Lima; Batista, Jaqueline Pontes; de Souza, Tallita Cristina Ferreira; Amaral, Ana Luiza; Carrijo, Victor Hugo Vilarinho; Puga, Guilherme Morais
Abstract
Aim The aim of the study was to verify the effects of moderate combined aerobic and resistance exercises training in ambulatory blood pressure (ABPM) and its variability in hypertensive and normotensive postmenopausal women. Methods Twenty-six participants were divided into two groups: hypertensive (HT = 13) and normotensive (NT = 13). They performed 30 sessions of combined exercises (aerobic and resistance exercises at same session) over 10 weeks. We evaluated: resting BP and 24-h ABPM with systolic blood pressure (SBP), diastolic blood pressure (DBP), mean blood pressure (MBP), and heart rate (HR). To evaluate blood pressure variability (BPV), the following were considered: 24-h SD (SD24), the mean diurnal and nocturnal deviations (SDdn), average real variability (ARV(24)). Results The two-way analysis of variance showed no difference in ABPM nor BPV responses after training between groups. Both HT and NT groups had similar BP reductions in 24-h DBP (P < 0.01; Delta NT = -3.1 +/- 1.1, Delta HT = -1.8 +/- 1.2 mmHg), 24-h area under the curve of DBP (P = 0.01; Delta NT = -73 +/- 105, Delta HT = -44 +/- 115 mmHg), and wake DBP (P < 0.01; Delta NT = -3.4 +/- 1.2, Delta HT = -1.8 +/- 1.3 mmHg), without differences in BPV responses. Moreover, HT women had higher overall SBP SDdn (P = 0.01), SBP ARV (P = 0.02), and MBP ARV (P < 0.01) than NT women. Conclusion Ten-week combined exercise training resulted in similar BP reductions in hypertensive and normotensive postmenopausal women, but not in BPV responses.