Anti-LSM14A monoclonal antibody Made to order

Human LSm14A has recently been found as a processing body-associated sensor of intracellular viral nucleic acids and triggers signaling for type I IFN expression. Here porcine LSm14A (pLSm14A) was cloned from the PK-15 cells. The pLSm14A ORF is 1392 bp in length, encoding 463 amino acids. The putative pLSm14A contains a Sm-like domain and two arginine-glycine-glycine (RGG) boxes. The pLSm14A has high identity at the amino acid level to those of bovine, human and mouse (93.5-97.4%) and is transcribed in different tissues of pigs. In HEK293 or Marc-145 cells, pLSm14A was localized in the cytosol as P-body-like dots. Expression of pLSm14A in HEK293 or Marc-145 cells enhanced activities of IFN-beta and NF-kappa B promoters, induced IFN-beta transcription, and potentiated poly(I:C)-induced IFN-beta promoter activation, indicating that pLSm14A is a potential signal molecule in the IFN-beta pathway of pigs. We also found that pLSm14A-induced IFN-beta promoter activity was down-regulated by porcine reproductive and respiratory syndrome virus infection in Marc-145 cells. Since pLSm14A is constitutively expressed in virtually all tissues, more research is needed to explore its role in initial phase of viral infections of pigs and its relationship with RIG-I in sensing PAMPs for type I IFN induction. (C) 2013 Elsevier B.V. All rights reserved.

Numerous cytosolic DNA sensors (CDSs), which are very important for recognizing cytosolic dsDNA derived from intracellular viruses and bacteria, exist in mammals. However, teleost CDSs are poorly understood. In this study, four CDSs, including the cyclic GMP-AMP synthase (cGAS), Sm-like protein 14 homolog A (LSm14A), DEAH-box helicase (DHX) 9, and DHX36 genes were identified in Japanese medaka, Oryzias latipes, and their expression patterns were elucidated. The expression of these genes was upregulated in the intestines and kidney of CpG-ODN-stimulated medaka. The cGAS and LSm14A genes were significantly induced in the intestines, kidney, and spleen of formalin-killed Edwardsiella tarda-treated medaka; the DHX9 and DHX36 genes were not. cGAS gene expression was induced only in the intestines of live E. tarda-treated medaka. These results suggest that the transcription of four CDS genes of medaka responds to dsDNA stimulation, and cGAS is probably more important for the immune response against E. tarda infection.