Anti-Gentamicin monoclonal antibody, clone A104

Aim: Gentamicin (GM) is an effective antibiotic against many Gram-negative bacterial infections, but it has a narrow therapeutic range. The application of gentamicin causes nephrotoxicity due to its accumulation in renal cortex and the oxidative stress it causes. The present study was aimed to carry out comparative biochemical and histopathological studies on the efficacy of niphedipine, fenugreek (FG) seeds against gentamicin-induced nephrotoxicity in rats. Materials and Methods: Nephrotoxicity was induced in rats by administering gentamicin IP for 9 days at a dose of 125 mg/kg. The nephroprotective effect of the orally administered water extract of fenugreek seeds (FG) at a dose of 200 mg/kg or niphedipine (NF) at a dose of 20 mg/kg individually or in combination were studied. In order to determine the nephroprotective role of the compounds, serum biochemical parameters analyses and histology studies on kidney were performed. Results: Reduction in weight of body, liver, right kidney and heart in rats treated with gentamicin was rescued with the help of fenugreek seed extract and nifedipine. Fenugreek and nifedipine treatment also reduces uric acid levels in the gentamicin treated group as compared to the group treated with gentamicin alone; no such change was observed in serum creatinine levels. Histological studies demonstrated the protective role of fenugreek and nifedipine against the extensive damage caused by the gentamicin treatment. Discussion: In conclusion, this study showed potential or mild protection of fenugreek seed extract and nifedipine on gentamicin-induced nephrotoxicity in rats.

Introduction Listeria monocytogenes is one of the most pathogenic bacteria related to the consumption of contaminated food. This study aims to determine the prevalence of L. monocytogenes in raw beef meat in Meknes city of Morocco, to evaluate its pathogenicity and resistance to antimicrobials. Methods During four seasons, a total of 140 samples were collected from supermarkets, butcheries and Souk (weekly traditional market). The PCR method was used to examine the presence of specific and virulence genes in the isolated strains, and also to identify their serotypes. The antimicrobial resistance was determined. Results The results show a prevalence of 7.14% which depends on retail sites and also on the season's variation. The majority of the strains were detected in butcheries (6 strains), and supermarkets (4 strains). Moreover, the majority of strains were detected during summer (50%). Concerning virulence genes, the seven researched genes were detected in 100% of isolated strains. The majority of strains were of the (1/2a, 1/2c, 3a and 3c) serogroup (70%), while two of them were of the (1/2b, 3b, 4b and 4d) serogroup (20%). All isolates were resistant to at least one antimicrobial, while three strains were resistant to nine tested antimicrobials. However, they were highly susceptible to amikacin, imipenem, gentamicin, sulfamethoxazole and chloramphenicol. Conclusions According to results, isolated L. monocytogenes from analyzed beef meat shows a high level of pathogenicity and resistance to the most used antimicrobials in listeriosis therapy, which calls for the severe application of quality systems at the slaughterhouses and retail sites level.