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Growth tracking is an important diagnostic tool in perinatal medicine, because of its simplicity, low cost and sensitivity to several pathologies. It assumes a critical relevance for assessing the fetal intrauterine wellbeing thanks to the possibilities of ultrasound imaging. While the tracking method is very well known, the population reshuffling pushes for more updated and customized reference growth curves able to meet the challenge of correct diagnoses posed by about 160 millions of newborns per year. In this perspective we developed a cloud-based online service for fetal and pediatric growth tracking and we populated it with all ethnic-specific curves known in literature. Moreover we integrated it with a system, based on optical character recognition, able to support health professionals to produce their own customized growth curves from collections of ultrasound images and to share them, while preserving anonymity. The paper discusses the motivations underlying the system, its structure and the first results of a test on the field.

Wildlife translocations increase the rate of introgressive hybridization between closely related species. In this study, we investigated the population genetic structure of the European roe deer (Capreolus capreolus) in Poland, affected by widespread ancient mtDNA introgression from Siberian roe deer (C. pygargus), for signs of recent human-mediated admixture. We analysed two nuclear gene sequences (FPGT and LRRIQ3) and 10 microsatellite loci in 258 European roe deer and 78 introgressed individuals (C. capreolus with mtDNA of C. pygargus) collected from 16 populations from Poland. Eighteen Siberian roe deer from Russia were also genotyped. Population genetic structure, assessed using Bayesian analysis and Principal Coordinate Analysis, indicated the existence of one genetic cluster in the European roe deer in Poland and gave no evidence for recent introgression in nuclear markers. Measures of genetic diversity for pure C. capreolus and introgressed individuals did not differ, while species lineages exhibited significant high genetic differentiation from one another (F-ST = 0.271; P< 0.001). The discordance between previous mtDNA results and the present study based on nuclear markers confirms the impact of ancient natural hybridization process on the genetic structure of European roe deer populations in Poland. (C) 2019 Deutsche Gesellschaft fur Saugetierkunde. Published by Elsevier GmbH. All rights reserved.