Intended Use
For the quantitative determination of free antibodies to exendin-4 in human serum and plasma.
Contents of Kit
| No. | Components | Size | Storage Conditions |
| 1. | Microtiter Plate | 1×12×8 | 2-8°C |
| 2. | ADA Standards (20 μg/mL) | 1 × 100 μL | 2-8°C |
| 3. | TRACER (1 μg), lyophilized | 1 × 1 Vial | 2-8°C |
| 4. | CONJ (250×), concentrate (250×) | 1 × 100 μL | 2-8°C |
| 5. | Blocking Buffer, ready to use | 1 × 20 mL | 2-8°C |
| 6. | Dilution Buffer, ready to use | 1 × 50 mL | 2-8°C |
| 7. | Wash Buffer, concentrate (20×) | 1 × 50 mL | 2-8°C |
| 8. | TMB Substrate Solution, ready to use | 2 × 6 mL | 2-8°C |
| 9. | Stop Solution, ready to use | 1 × 7 mL | 2-8°C |
Storage
The kit is shipped at ambient temperature and should be stored at 2-8°C. Keep away from heat or direct sun light. The storage and stability of specimen and prepared reagents is stated in the corresponding chapters. The microtiter strips are stable up to the expiry date of the kit in the broken, but tightly closed bag when stored at 2–8°C.
Detection Range
For anti-exendin-4 antibodies in serum and plasma, the method has been demonstrated to be highly (>0.99) linear from 0 to 1000 ng/mL.
Sensitivity
The Detection Threshold for the assay is 1.74 ng/mL. The assay sensitivity for undiluted clinical samples corresponds to 34.89 ng/mL, Because the serum or plasma samples are instructed to be diluted at 20-fold (1:20) before starting the assay.
General Description
Exendin-4 is a hormone found in the saliva of the Gila monster. It displays biological properties similar to human glucagon-like peptide-1 (GLP-1), a regulator of glucose metabolism and insulin secretion. Exenatide is a synthetic version of exendin-4 approved by the FDA on April 28, 2005 for patients whose diabetes was not controlled well with oral medication.
Exenatide is a 39-amino-acid peptide that enhances glucose-dependent insulin secretion by the pancreatic beta-cell, suppresses inappropriately elevated glucagon secretion, and slows gastric emptying. In clinical trials, Exenatide has been reported to generate antibody response. In some clinical trials, up to 45% of the patients formed low titer antibodies and up to 12% of the patients formed high-titer antibodies. Both binding and neutralizing antibodies against Exenatide have been reported. The formation of binding or neutralizing antibodies to therapeutic agents may decrease the efficacy of these agents leading to losses of clinical responses over time. In some cases, anti-drug antibodies may cause infusion, and serious anaphylactic reactions. Given the sequence similarities between Exenatide and GLP-1, anti-Exenatide antibodies may cross-react with GLP-1 and glucagon. This may interfere with the measurement of Exenatide in biological matrices. Accurate measurement of Exenatide is critical in understanding the safety, exposure, and efficacy of the drug.
The Exendin-4 (Exenatide®) ELISA kit is designed for the qualitative determination of free antibodies to exendin-4 in serum and plasma. Our ELISA-based kits combine a fast, user-friendly format with a sensitive and specific assay. This assay is capable of detecting all isotypes of anti-exendin-4 antibodies. The kit can be used for monitoring anti-exendin-4 antibodies during research and offers the scientists a tool for understanding the safety and efficacy of exendin-4 and it's biosimilars.
General Notes
Exenatide is a 39-amino-acid peptide that enhances glucose-dependent insulin secretion by the pancreatic beta-cell, suppresses inappropriately elevated glucagon secretion, and slows gastric emptying. The Exendin-4 (Exenatide®) ELISA kit is designed for the qualitative determination of free antibodies to exendin-4 in serum and plasma. Our ELISA-based kits combine a fast, user-friendly format with a sensitive and specific assay. This assay is capable of detecting all isotypes of anti-exendin-4 antibodies. The kit can be used for monitoring anti-exendin-4 antibodies during research and offers the scientists a tool for understanding the safety and efficacy of exendin-4 and it's biosimilars.
Citations
Have you cited DEIABL206 in a publication?
Let us know and earn a reward for your research.
| Product Name |
Cat. No. |
Applications |
Host Species |
Datasheet |
Price |
Add to Basket |
| Product Name |
Cat. No. |
Applications |
Host Species |
Datasheet |
Price |
Add to Basket |
Exendin-4 is a synthetic peptide that mimics the action of the incretin hormone glucagon-like peptide-1 (GLP-1). It is used as an active ingredient in medications for the treatment of type 2 diabetes, such as exenatide. When patients receive exenatide-based therapies, some individuals may develop an immune response and produce anti-exendin-4 antibodies, also known as anti-drug antibodies (ADA). These antibodies can recognize and bind to Exendin-4, potentially impacting the pharmacokinetics, efficacy, and safety of exenatide treatment.
Accurate measurement of Exenatide is crucial for assessing its safety, exposure, and efficacy. The Exendin-4 ADA ELISA Kit is specifically designed to detect and quantify free antibodies to Exendin-4 in human serum and plasma. This user-friendly and fast ELISA-based kit offers a sensitive and specific assay that can detect all isotypes of anti-Exendin-4 antibodies. Researchers can utilize this kit to monitor anti-Exendin-4 antibodies during their research, providing insights into the safety and efficacy of Exendin-4 and its biosimilars.
Alternative Names
Exendin-4-ADA ELISA
Phoenixin-14 ADA ELISA
Anti-Exendin-4 ELISA
Anti-Phoenixin-14 ELISA
Phoenixin-14 ADA ELISA Kit
Anti-Exendin-4 ELISA Kit
Anti-Phoenixin-14 ELISA Kit
Q & A
Q: The protocol mentioned microplate (12 strips x 8 wells). Do you mean that the plate has 12 independent strips and that we do not need to use the whole plate at one time or we can use only the strip that we need.
A: Yes, you can just use 1 strip for Standard curve and control and save the rest of the strips for and other essay.
Q: Is item #DEIABL206 suitable for an Anti Drug Assay (ADA) using this test method?
A: Yes. The kit is designed to measure the anti-Exendin-4 antibody,it can be used for anti-drug antibody (ADA) dectect.
Q: After injecting Exenatide into Rats and collecting blood hourly, we plan to conduct an Anti-Exenatide Assay experiment with Rat Serum. I would like to know if item #DEIABL206 is suitable for the Anti-Exenatide Assay experiment with Rat Serum.
A: Yes. Anti-exenatide is suitable for rat serum. But if the drug is not exenatide, it will not work. Our kits are drug specific.
Customer Reviews
Exenatide Reverts the High-Fat-Diet-Induced Impairment of BDNF Signaling and Inflammatory Response in an Animal Model of Alzheimer's Disease
JOURNAL OF ALZHEIMERS DISEASE
Authors: Bomba, Manuela; Granzotto, Alberto; Castelli, Vanessa; Onofrj, Marco; Lattanzio, Rossano; Cimini, Annamaria; Sensi, Stefano L.
Abstract
Alzheimer's disease (AD) is a multifactorial condition in which, along with amyloid-beta (A beta) and tau-related pathology, the synergistic activity of co-morbidity factors promote the onset and progression of the disease. Epidemiological evidence indicates that glucose intolerance, deficits in insulin secretion, or type-2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM) participate in increasing cognitive impairment or dementia risk. Insulin plays a pivotal role in the process as the hormone critically regulates brain functioning. GLP-1, the glucagon-like peptide 1, facilitates insulin signaling, regulates glucose homeostasis, and modulates synaptic plasticity. Exenatide is a synthetic GLP-1 analog employed in T2DM. However, exenatide has also been shown to affect the signaling of the brain-derived neurotrophic factor (BDNF), synaptic plasticity, and cognitive performances in animal models. In this study, we tested whether exenatide exerts neuroprotection in a preclinical AD model set to mimic the clinical complexity of the human disease. We investigated the effects of exenatide treatment in 3xTg-AD mice challenged with a high-fat diet (HFD). Endpoints of the study were variations in systemic metabolism, insulin and neurotrophic signaling, neuroinflammation, A beta and tau pathology, and cognitive performances. Results of the study indicate that exenatide reverts the adverse changes of BDNF signaling and the neuroinflammation status of 3xTg-AD mice undergoing HFD without affecting systemic metabolism or promoting changes in cognitive performances.
Antidiabetic Effect of Abextide, a Long-Acting Exendin-4 Analogue in Cynomolgus Monkeys
ADVANCED HEALTHCARE MATERIALS
Authors: Niu, Gang; Wang, Guohao; Lau, Joseph; Lang, Lixin; Jacobson, Orit; Ma, Ying; Kiesewetter, Dale O.; Zhang, Shaoliang; Chen, Xiaoyuan
Abstract
Abextide, synthesized by conjugating an albumin-binding moiety-truncated Evans blue-to glucagon-like peptide 1 receptor (GLP-1R) agonist exendin-4, shows extended drug release and enhanced hypoglycemic effect in diabetic mice. The aim of this study is to evaluate the pharmacodynamics of Abextide in nonhuman primates. Two batches of elderly cynomolgus monkeys with naturally occurring diabetes are used for this study. During the whole experiment period, no abnormalities such as swelling at the injection site, lethargy, or hypoglycemia are observed in all animals. The monkeys in the Abextide group lose appetite after drug administration and then recover over time. In the single dose treatment, at day 1 and day 3 after treatment, decreased plasma glucose level is observed in the Abextide-treated group but not in placebo or Albiglutide-treated group. For monkeys that receive two doses of drug, the blood glucose level in all subjects in Abextide group decreases rapidly upon drug administration and return to a plateau by day 3. A similar pattern of response is seen after the second dose administration. The delayed drug release and hypoglycemic effect of Abextide make it potentially useful as an antidiabetic drug for weekly subcutaneous administration.
Exendin‐4, a glucagon‐like protein‐1 (GLP‐1) receptor agonist, reverses hepatic steatosis in ob/ob mice
Hepatology
Authors: Ding X, Saxena N K, Lin S, et al.
Abstract
Nonalcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD) represents a burgeoning problem in hepatology, and is associated with insulin resistance. Exendin-4 is a peptide agonist of the glucagon-like peptide (GLP) receptor that promotes insulin secretion. The aim of this study was to determine whether administration of Exendin-4 would reverse hepatic steatosis in ob/ob mice. Ob/ob mice, or their lean littermates, were treated with Exendin-4 [10 μg/kg or 20 μg/kg] for 60 days. Serum was collected for measurement of insulin, adiponectin, fasting glucose, lipids, and aminotransferase concentrations. Liver tissue was procured for histological examination, real-time RT-PCR analysis and assay for oxidative stress. Rat hepatocytes were isolated and treated with GLP-1. Ob/ob mice sustained a reduction in the net weight gained during Exendin-4 treatment. Serum glucose and hepatic steatosis was significantly reduced in Exendin-4 treated ob/ob mice. Exendin-4 improved insulin sensitivity in ob/ob mice, as calculated by the homeostasis model assessment. The measurement of thiobarbituric reactive substances as a marker of oxidative stress was significantly reduced in ob/ob-treated mice with Exendin-4. Finally, GLP-1–treated hepatocytes resulted in a significant increase in cAMP production as well as reduction in mRNA expression of stearoyl-CoA desaturase 1 and genes associated with fatty acid synthesis; the converse was true for genes associated with fatty acid oxidation. In conclusion, Exendin-4 appears to effectively reverse hepatic steatosis in ob/ob mice by improving insulin sensitivity. Our data suggest that GLP-1 proteins in liver have a novel direct effect on hepatocyte fat metabolism.
Exendin-4 is a high potency agonist and truncated exendin-(9-39)-amide an antagonist at the glucagon-like peptide 1-(7-36)-amide receptor of insulin-secreting beta-cells
Journal of Biological Chemistry
Authors: Gke R, Fehmann H C, Linn T, et al.
Abstract
Exendin-4 purified from Heloderma suspectum venom shows structural relationship to the important incretin hormone glucagon-like peptide 1-(7-36)-amide (GLP-1). We demonstrate that exendin-4 and truncated exendin-(9-39)-amide specifically interact with the GLP-1 receptor on insulinoma-derived cells and on lung membranes. Exendin-4 displaced 125I-GLP-1, and unlabeled GLP-1 displaced 125I-exendin-4 from the binding site at rat insulinoma-derived RINm5F cells. Exendin-4 had, like GLP-1, a pronounced effect on intracellular cAMP generation, which was reduced by exendin-(9-39)-amide. When combined, GLP-1 and exendin-4 showed additive action on cAMP. They each competed with the radio-labeled version of the other peptide in cross-linking experiments. The apparent molecular mass of the respective ligand-binding protein complex was 63,000 Da. Exendin-(9-39)-amide abolished the cross-linking of both peptides. Exendin-4, like GLP-1, stimulated dose dependently the glucose-induced insulin secretion in isolated rat islets, and, in mouse insulinoma beta TC-1 cells, both peptides stimulated the proinsulin gene expression at the level of transcription. Exendin-(9-39)-amide reduced these effects. In conclusion, exendin-4 is an agonist and exendin-(9-39)-amide is a specific GLP-1 receptor antagonist.
An Efficient Tool for ADA Analysis of Peptide Drugs
Certificate of Analysis
