Anti-Ceftiofur monoclonal antibody, clone DH-2035

This scientific opinion of the EFSA Panelon Food Contact Materials, Enzymes, Flavourings and Processing Aids (CEF) deals with the safety assessment of selenium nanoparticles, FCM substance No 1070, which is intended to be used as an antioxidant. Selenium nanoparticles are incorporated into the adhesive middle layer of multilayer laminates with an outside polyethylene terephthalate (PET) layer and an inner polyolefin (food contact) layer. The final materials are intended to be used for contact with all food types that are susceptible to oxidation. The specific migration of total selenium was tested using multilayer pouches containing selenium nanoparticles at 0.002mg/dm(2) and filled with 3% acetic acid and 20%, 50% or 95% ethanol for 10 days at 60 degrees C. In all tests, migration of selenium was not detectable. Taking into account current knowledge on the diffusional properties of nanoparticles in polymers, the CEF Panelconcluded that there is no safety concern for the consumer if selenium nanoparticles are used in multilayer films and separated from the food by a polyolefin food contact layer for any type of food and under any food contact conditions. (c) 2018 European Food Safety Authority. EFSA Journal published by John Wiley and Sons Ltd on behalf of European Food Safety Authority.

Despite over two decades of research, butadiene (BD) remains one of the most challenging monomers for atom transfer radical polymerization (ATRP). A comprehensive mechanistic investigation of the effect of the reaction parameters (initiator structure, halide, Cu catalyst, ligand, solvent, temperature, reagent ratios, ATRP method, etc.) on the polymerization outcome (kinetics, dependence of the molecular weight (M-n) polydispersity (PDI), and halide chain end functionality (CEF) on conversion) affords a quantitative understanding of diene ATRP and reveals that despite drawbacks such as low boiling point, Diels-Alder dimerization, a very low polymerization rate, and especially, a very weak and side-reaction-prone allyl halide chain end, a rational selection of the polymerization conditions (normal- or ICAR (initiators for continuous activator regeneration)-ATRP, tertiary bromoester initiators, low nucleophilicity ligands including bipyridyl, nonpolar solvents such as toluene at 110-130 degrees C), still enables the synthesis of well-defined polybutadiene (PBD) with a wide range of .114 n values (1000-100000), low PDIs (1.3-1.5) and high Br-CEFs (>90%), suitable for the synthesis of complex architectures including star PBD and ABA triblock copolymers with styrene and methyl methacrylate.