Anti-CNTF polyclonal antibody

Electrochemistry at open ends and sidewalls of carbon nanotubes (CNTs) has been under debate, with opposing viewpoints as to which sites are more electrochemically active. A particular challenge in this field has been the ability to conduct electrochemical studies at the open ends of CNTs, without measuring contributions from the sidewalls. Here, we report on electrochemical measurements taken from the sidewall of highly densified multiwalled carbon nanotube fibers (HD-CNTf) and the cross section (i.e., open ends) of highly densified multiwalled carbon nanotube fibers (HD-CNTfs) embedded in a polymer matrix. The cross section of the HD-CNTfs was exposed to reveal only open ends to the electrolyte interface, and this platform allowed us to compare electrochemistry at the open ends and sidewalls of HD-CNTfs. Cyclic voltammetry was employed to examine the electrochemical properties of HD-CNTfs by using a conventional bulk electrochemical cell and microcapillary electrochemical measurements. The cross sections and sidewalls of HD-CNTfs are shown to promote similar electron transfer kinetics and electrochemical activity.

Joule heating materials with excellent thermal behavior, easy processability and reusability are very desirable in soft robotics, multifunctional smart structures, and wearable electronics. Carbon nanotube film (CNTF) formed by floating catalyst chemical vapour deposition (FFCVD) method possesses high electrical conductivity which makes it a potential candidate as a joule heating material. In this study, the electro-heating (E-heating) behaviors of CNTF with various dimensions and deformations were investigated by applying various voltages. The asproduced CNTF reached a steady-state temperature of 310 degrees C (1 cm x 0.5 cm) within 1 s under a low voltage of 2.5 V by the homogeneous temperature distribution. Furthermore, E-heating behavior of CNTF remained stable after bending and twisting deformations as well as On/Off voltage switching cycles (up to 200 times). As a potential application, the CNTF embedded 3D spacer woven composites de-iced the ice by 338 times weight ratio within 9 min, demonstrating its promising E-thermal performance.