Direct Synthesis of N,N-Dimethylated and beta-Methyl N,N-Dimethylated Amines from Nitriles Using Methanol: Experimental and Computational Studies
ACS CATALYSIS
Authors: Paul, Bhaskar; Shee, Sujan; Panja, Dibyajyoti; Chakrabarti, Kaushik; Kundu, Sabuj
Abstract
Direct and selective synthesis of N,N-dimethylated amines from nitriles using methanol as Cl building blocks is reported using an air-and moisture-stable ruthenium complex. Following this process, various aromatic as well as aliphatic nitriles were converted to the corresponding N methylated amines. Interestingly, tandem C-methylation as well as N-methylation was achieved by introducing multiple methyl groups. The practical aspect of this process was revealed by preparative-scale reactions with different nitriles and the synthesis of anti-allergic drug "avil". Several kinetic experiments and detailed DFT understand the mechanism of this process.
Atmospheric inorganic aerosol of a non-industrial city in the centre of an industrial region of the North of Spain, and its possible influence on the climate on a regional scale
ENVIRONMENTAL GEOLOGY
Authors: Rodriguez, Irene; Gali, Salvador; Marcos, Celia
Abstract
Mineral particles could have influenced on the climate of Oviedo, a non-industrial city situated in the centre of an industrial zone of the North of Spain, increasing the temperature and the precipitations, in spite of the fact that "greenhouse gases" concentrations have diminished in this city in recent years. The directive (1999/30/EC) of the European Commission began to be applied in Oviedo in the year 2003. In agreement with this norm, our first aim was the identification of the inorganic particulate matter of the PM10 and PM2.5 fractions sampled in this city. X-ray diffraction and scanning electron microscopy coupled with X-ray dispersive energy spectrometry were used. The percentages of the different mineral phases of the PM were obtained by a Rietveld refinement of powder X-ray diffraction data. The compositions of the PM10 and PM2.5 fractions of this city are similar. Sulphates are the most abundant particles in the both fractions. Most sulphates, nitrates and sal-ammoniac would have formed by reaction between solid, liquid and/or gas particles and they could be associated with the power stations near to the city and traffic. Wustite and haematites come from the iron and steel industries of GijA(3)n and Avil,s. The main natural sources of halite and carbonates and silicates are sea spray and soil resuspension by the wind, respectively.
COA
Publication 
Loading ......
