Category Archives: Uncategorized

In recent years, monoclonal antibody therapy against immunological checkpoints has made breakthroughs in cancer treatment, especially in the treatment of various tumors such as melanoma, lung cancer, kidney cancer and bladder cancer. The mechanism of action is briefly described below....
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Human rhinoviruses (HRV), which include over 100 different virus serotypes, are responsible for a significant portion of common colds experienced each year. HRV have a single positive-stranded RNA genome, which is translated into a polyprotein of over 2000 amino acids....
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What is hepatitis? The five hepatitis viruses (hepatitis, A, B, C, D, and E) belong to five different virus families and are genomically distinct with different replication strategies. They also have different clinical features and outcomes. Viral hepatitis is a...
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Fc receptors, the receptors for the Fc portion of immunoglobulins, play an essential role in antibody-dependent immune responses. An Fc receptor is a protein found on the surface of certain cells, and are detected on many types of hematopoietic cells...
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Clostridium is a genus of Gram-positive bacteria belonging to the firmicutes. They are obligate anaerobes capable of producing endospores. Individual cells are rod-shaped, members of which are found in soil, water, and the intestinal tracts of humans and other animals....
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Vitamin B12 is also known as cobalamine or cyanocobalamine, comprises a number of forms including cyano-, methyl-, deoxyadenosyl- and hydroxy-cobalamin. Vitamin B12 is a water-soluble vitamin that has a key role in the normal functioning of the brain and nervous...
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What is zonulin? Zonulin is a protein, synthesized in intestinal and liver cells, that reversibly regulates intestinal permeability. Zonulin modulates the permeability of tight junctions between cells of the wall of the digestive tract. It was discovered in 2000 by...
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Whether for thyroid disease or thyroid surgery, blood tests for thyroid function is indispensable. However, there are too many test items, and many patients found the high or low arrow on the laboratory report (often prompted to anomalies), which can...
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Progesterone and estrogen are the two most important hormones in the female body. These are steroid hormones that are responsible for various female characteristics in the body. The ovaries are a pair of ova-producing organs (that is, they produce egg...
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Antibody is an immunoglobulin produced by the body’s immune system and stimulated by antigen to proliferate and differentiate from B lymphocytes or memory cells and specifically bind to the corresponding antigen. So what are the major biological functions of antibodies?...
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